WCF后续之旅(2): 如何对Channel Layer进行扩展——创建自定义Channel

上一篇文章中,我们通过一个直接借助BasicHttpBinding对象实现Client和Server端进行通信的例子,对WCF channel layer进行了一个大致上的介绍。由此引出了一些列通信相关的概念和对象,比如Channel,Output channel, Input channel,Request channel, Reply Channel,Duplex channel, Channel Shape,Channel manager,Channel factory, Channel listener, Binding element 等。通过这些元素,我们很容易地实现对WCF channel layer进行扩展。

对channel layer进行扩展一般适用于当你的需求通过现有的Binding,或者channel不能实现,而需要自定义一些channel来实现你所需的功能。不如现在的WCF系统定义的Channel中没有实现对Message body的压缩功能。你可以就需要将此功能定义到一个custom channel中,然后将其注入到channel stack中。一般来说,仅仅创建custom channel是不够的,因为在runtime, channel是通过Channel manager进行创建的,所以你需要创建对应的Channel factory(如何对发送方进行扩展)或者Channel listener(如果对接受方进行扩展)。而Channel factory和channel listener最终又是通过Binding element进行创建的,所以你还需要创建相应的Binding element。(Binding element=〉Channel factory&Channel listener=>Channel

在本章节中,我们将继续讨论WCF channel layer。我们将通过如何创建和应用custom channel来介绍channel layer一些知识。

一、ICommunicationObject 和 CommunicationObject

我们知道WCF channel layer的绝大部分对象,比如Channel,Channel factory,Channel listener,从功能上讲都是用于通信(Communication)的对象,对传统的communication object,比如socket,他们往往都具有通过状态和状态转化规则(状态机:State machine)。这些状态包括Creating、Created、Opening、Opened、Closing、Closed等等。为了统一管理这些状态和状态之间的转化,WCF定义个一个特殊的Interface:ICommunicationObject

   1: public interface ICommunicationObject
   2: {
   3:     // Events
   4:     event EventHandler Closed;
   5:     event EventHandler Closing;
   6:     event EventHandler Faulted;
   7:     event EventHandler Opened;
   8:     event EventHandler Opening;
   9:  
  10:     // Methods
  11:     void Abort();
  12:     IAsyncResult BeginClose(AsyncCallback callback, object state);
  13:     IAsyncResult BeginClose(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state);
  14:     IAsyncResult BeginOpen(AsyncCallback callback, object state);
  15:     IAsyncResult BeginOpen(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state);
  16:     void Close();
  17:     void Close(TimeSpan timeout);
  18:     void EndClose(IAsyncResult result);
  19:     void EndOpen(IAsyncResult result);
  20:     void Open();
  21:     void Open(TimeSpan timeout);
  22:  
  23:     // Properties
  24:     CommunicationState State { get; }
  25: } 

ICommunicationObject定义了3种成员:

  • 属性:State, 得到当前的状态,返回值是一个CommunicationState  枚举。
  • 方法:同步、异步Open和Close方法。
  • 事件:通过注册这些状态相关的Event,当时对象转化到对应的状态时执行相应操作。

WCF定义了一个abstract class: CommunicationObject直接实现了该Interface。CommunicationObject的实现统一的State machine。WCF channel layer的很多的class都直接或者间接的继承了这个class。你也可以让你的class继承该class。当你让你自己的class继承CommunicationObject的时候,在override 掉base相应的method的时候,强烈建议你先调用base对应的方法,CommunicationObject会帮你进行相应的State转换和触发相应的事件。

二、Channel 和Channel Shape

上一篇文章中,我们讨论过了。在不同的消息交换模式(MEP)中,发送方和接受方的Channel扮演的角色是不相同的。我们并把这种不同MEP中消息交互双方Channel的结构差异表述为Channel shape。我们有四种不同的Channel shape:Datagram、Request/reply、DuplexP2P。不同Channel shape中Channel的结构性差性通过实现不同的Channel interface来体现。

对于Datagram channel shape,采用了One-way的MEP。发送方的channel 必须实现IOutputChannel interface。该Interface的方法成员主要集中在用于发送message的Send方法(同步/异步):

   1: public interface IOutputChannel : IChannel, ICommunicationObject
   2: {
   3:     // Methods
   4:     IAsyncResult BeginSend(Message message, AsyncCallback callback, object state);
   5:     IAsyncResult BeginSend(Message message, TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state);
   6:     void EndSend(IAsyncResult result);
   7:     void Send(Message message);
   8:     void Send(Message message, TimeSpan timeout); 
   9:  
  10:     // Properties
  11:     EndpointAddress RemoteAddress { get; }
  12:     Uri Via { get; }
  13: } 

与之相应是IInputChannel inteface,该Interface用于Datagram channel shape中接收方的channel定义。其主要方法成员主要集中在用于接收Message的Receive方法(同步/异步):

   1: public interface IInputChannel : IChannel, ICommunicationObject
   2: {
   3:     // Methods
   4:     IAsyncResult BeginReceive(AsyncCallback callback, object state);
   5:     IAsyncResult BeginReceive(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state);
   6:     IAsyncResult BeginTryReceive(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state);
   7:     IAsyncResult BeginWaitForMessage(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state);
   8:     Message EndReceive(IAsyncResult result);
   9:     bool EndTryReceive(IAsyncResult result, out Message message);
  10:     bool EndWaitForMessage(IAsyncResult result);
  11:     Message Receive();
  12:     Message Receive(TimeSpan timeout);
  13:     bool TryReceive(TimeSpan timeout, out Message message);
  14:     bool WaitForMessage(TimeSpan timeout); 
  15:  
  16:     // Properties
  17:     EndpointAddress LocalAddress { get; }
  18: }

注:无论对于同步或者异步方法,一般由两个重载,一个接收一个TimeSpan 作为参数,表是Send或者Receive允许的时间范围。而另一个没有该参数的方式,并不是建议你使用一个无限的TimeSpan,而是使用一个可配置的默认时间段(实际上是Binding对象对应的属性)

不同于Datagram channel shape,Request/request channel shape下交互双方的Channel具有不同的行为。发送方的Channel实现IRequestChannel。该interface的方面成员主要集中在一些用于向接收方进行请求的Request方法(同步/异步):

   1: public interface IRequestChannel : IChannel, ICommunicationObject
   2: {
   3:     // Methods
   4:     IAsyncResult BeginRequest(Message message, AsyncCallback callback, object state);
   5:     IAsyncResult BeginRequest(Message message, TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state);
   6:     Message EndRequest(IAsyncResult result);
   7:     Message Request(Message message);
   8:     Message Request(Message message, TimeSpan timeout); 
   9:  
  10:     // Properties
  11:     EndpointAddress RemoteAddress { get; }
  12:     Uri Via { get; }
  13: } 

同理,对于接收方的IReplyChannel则主要定义了一些用于Reply的方法:

   1: public interface IReplyChannel : IChannel, ICommunicationObject
   2: {
   3:     // Methods
   4:     IAsyncResult BeginReceiveRequest(AsyncCallback callback, object state);
   5:     IAsyncResult BeginReceiveRequest(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state);
   6:     IAsyncResult BeginTryReceiveRequest(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state);
   7:     IAsyncResult BeginWaitForRequest(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state);
   8:     RequestContext EndReceiveRequest(IAsyncResult result);
   9:     bool EndTryReceiveRequest(IAsyncResult result, out RequestContext context);
  10:     bool EndWaitForRequest(IAsyncResult result);
  11:     RequestContext ReceiveRequest();
  12:     RequestContext ReceiveRequest(TimeSpan timeout);
  13:     bool TryReceiveRequest(TimeSpan timeout, out RequestContext context);
  14:     bool WaitForRequest(TimeSpan timeout); 
  15:  
  16:     // Properties
  17:     EndpointAddress LocalAddress { get; }
  18: }
而对与Duplex和P2P,消息交互双方使用相同的Channel:Duplex channel。本质上讲,DuplexChannel = OutputChannel + IntputChannel。这一点从IDuplexChannel的定义上就可以看出来:
   1: public interface IDuplexChannel : IInputChannel, IOutputChannel, IChannel, ICommunicationObject
   2: {
   3: } 

三、创建Custom Channel

为了让大家对WCF channel layer有一个深刻的认识,以及掌握如何有效地对其进行扩展。我在整篇文章中穿插介绍一个具体的Sample:创建一个自定义的channel,以及相关的辅助对象,比如Channel factory、Channel listener和Binding element

这个Sample将基于我们最为常用的Request/Reply channel shape。所以我们需要创建两个Channel,一个是用于发送方的实现了IRequestChannel的Channel,而另一个则是实现了IReplyChannel的用于接收方的Channel。

为了简单起见,在我定义的channel的每个方法仅仅打印出相应的方法名称而已(这样做不但简单,还有的一个好处,那就是当我最后将其应用到具体的Messaging场景中,可以根据控制台打印出来的文字清楚地看清当我们的Channel应用到具体的场景中后先后执行了那些方法)。我们先来看看实现了IRequestChannel的MyRequestChannel的定义:

   1: namespace Artech.ChannleStackExplore.Channels
   2: {
   3:     public class MyRequestChannel :ChannelBase, IRequestChannel
   4:     {
   5:         private IRequestChannel InnerChannel
   6:         {get;set;} 
   7:  
   8:         public MyRequestChannel(ChannelManagerBase channleManager, IRequestChannel innerChannel)
   9:             : base(channleManager)
  10:         {
  11:             this.InnerChannel = innerChannel;
  12:         } 
  13:  
  14:         #region ChannelBase Members
  15:         protected override void OnAbort()
  16:         {
  17:             Console.WriteLine("MyRequestChannel.OnAbort()");
  18:             this.InnerChannel.Abort();
  19:         } 
  20:  
  21:         protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginClose(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
  22:         {
  23:             Console.WriteLine("MyRequestChannel.OnBeginClose()");
  24:             return this.InnerChannel.BeginClose(timeout, callback, state);
  25:         } 
  26:  
  27:         protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginOpen(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
  28:         {
  29:             Console.WriteLine("MyRequestChannel.OnBeginOpen()");
  30:             return this.InnerChannel.BeginOpen(timeout, callback, state);
  31:         } 
  32:  
  33:         protected override void OnClose(TimeSpan timeout)
  34:         {
  35:             Console.WriteLine("MyRequestChannel.OnClose()");
  36:             this.Close(timeout);
  37:         } 
  38:  
  39:         protected override void OnEndClose(IAsyncResult result)
  40:         {
  41:             Console.WriteLine("MyRequestChannel.OnEndClose()");
  42:             this.InnerChannel.EndClose(result);
  43:         } 
  44:  
  45:         protected override void OnEndOpen(IAsyncResult result)
  46:         {
  47:             Console.WriteLine("MyRequestChannel.OnEndOpen()");
  48:             this.InnerChannel.EndOpen(result);
  49:         } 
  50:  
  51:         protected override void OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
  52:         {
  53:             Console.WriteLine("MyRequestChannel.OnOpen()");
  54:             this.InnerChannel.Open(timeout);
  55:         }
  56:         #endregion 
  57:  
  58:         #region IRequestChannel Members 
  59:  
  60:         public IAsyncResult BeginRequest(Message message, TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
  61:         {
  62:             Console.WriteLine("MyRequestChannel.BeginRequest()");
  63:             return this.BeginRequest(message, timeout, callback, state);
  64:         } 
  65:  
  66:         public IAsyncResult BeginRequest(Message message, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
  67:         {
  68:             Console.WriteLine("MyRequestChannel.BeginRequest()");
  69:             return this.InnerChannel.BeginRequest(message, callback, state);
  70:         } 
  71:  
  72:         public Message EndRequest(IAsyncResult result)
  73:         {
  74:             Console.WriteLine("MyRequestChannel.EndRequest()");
  75:             return this.InnerChannel.EndRequest(result);
  76:         } 
  77:  
  78:         public EndpointAddress RemoteAddress
  79:         {
  80:             get 
  81:             {
  82:                 Console.WriteLine("MyRequestChannel.RemoteAddress");
  83:                 return this.InnerChannel.RemoteAddress;
  84:             } 
  85:  
  86:         } 
  87:  
  88:         public Message Request(Message message, TimeSpan timeout)
  89:         {
  90:             Console.WriteLine("MyRequestChannel.Request()");
  91:             return this.InnerChannel.Request(message, timeout);
  92:         } 
  93:  
  94:         public Message Request(Message message)
  95:         {
  96:             Console.WriteLine("MyRequestChannel.Request()");
  97:             return this.InnerChannel.Request(message);
  98:         } 
  99:  
 100:         public Uri Via
 101:         {
 102:             get 
 103:             { 
 104:                 Console.WriteLine("MyRequestChannel.Via)");
 105:                 return this.InnerChannel.Via;
 106:             } 
 107:  
 108:         } 
 109:  
 110:         #endregion
 111:     }
 112: } 

这里唯一需要注意的一点是:在实际的运行环境中,我们的channel仅仅了位于Channel stack的某个环节。该channel和其他的一些channel组成一个管道,这个管道里流淌是Message。所以当一个Channel执行了它相应的操作的时候,需要将message传到下一个channel作进一步处理。所有我们的Channel需要下一个Channel的应用,这个Channel就是我们的InnerChannel字段,该成员在构造函数中指定。  

   1: private IRequestChannel InnerChannel
   2: {get;set;} 
   3:  
   4: public MyRequestChannel(ChannelManagerBase channleManager, IRequestChannel innerChannel)
   5:             : base(channleManager)
   6: {
   7:     this.InnerChannel = innerChannel;
   8: } 

所以,对于每一个方法,在实现了本Channel的功能之后,只需要调用InnerChannel 的对应的方法即可。 我们再来看看实现了IReplyChannel的MyReplyChannel, 它用于接收方:

   1: namespace Artech.ChannleStackExplore.Channels
   2: {
   3:     public class MyReplyChannel: ChannelBase, IReplyChannel
   4:     {
   5:         private IReplyChannel InnerChannel
   6:         { get; set; } 
   7:  
   8:         public MyReplyChannel(ChannelManagerBase channelManager, IReplyChannel innerChannel):base(channelManager)
   9:         {
  10:             this.InnerChannel = innerChannel;
  11:         } 
  12:  
  13:         ChannelBase Members 
  14:  
  15:         IReplyChannel Members
  16:     }
  17: }

MyReplyChannel的定义方式和MyRequestChannel完全一样,我们就不用再多说什么了。

4. 创建Custom Channel Factory & Channel Listener

通过上一篇文章的介绍,我们知道Channel是通过Channel Manager来创建并管理的,在发送方的Channel Manager被称为Channel Factory对于Channel factory,除了定义了两个Interface之外(IChannelFactoryIChannelFactory<TChannel>

   1: public interface IChannelFactory : ICommunicationObject
   2: {
   3:       // Methods
   4:       T GetProperty<T>() where T : class;
   5: } 
   6:  
   7: public interface IChannelFactory<TChannel> : IChannelFactory, ICommunicationObject
   8: {
   9:     // Methods
  10:     TChannel CreateChannel(EndpointAddress to);
  11:     TChannel CreateChannel(EndpointAddress to, Uri via);
  12: } 

还定义了两个Base class:ChannelFactoryBase ChannelFactoryBase<TChannel>(限于篇幅,在这里就不多作介绍了)。 为了简单起见,我们上我们的Channel factory继承自ChannelFactoryBase<TChannel>

   1: namespace Artech.ChannleStackExplore.Channels
   2: {
   3:     public class MyChannelFactory<TChannel> : ChannelFactoryBase<TChannel>
   4:     {
   5:         private IChannelFactory<TChannel> InnerChannelFactory
   6:         { get; set; } 
   7:  
   8:         public MyChannelFactory(BindingContext context)
   9:         {
  10:             this.InnerChannelFactory = context.BuildInnerChannelFactory<TChannel>();
  11:         } 
  12:  
  13:         protected override TChannel OnCreateChannel(EndpointAddress address, Uri via)
  14:         {
  15:             Console.WriteLine("MyChannelFactory<TChannel>.OnClose()");
  16:             TChannel innerChannel = this.InnerChannelFactory.CreateChannel(address, via);
  17:             return (TChannel)(object)(new MyRequestChannel(this, innerChannel as IRequestChannel));
  18:         } 
  19:  
  20:         protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginOpen(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
  21:         {
  22:             Console.WriteLine("MyChannelFactory<TChannel>.OnBeginOpen()");
  23:             return this.InnerChannelFactory.BeginOpen(timeout, callback, state);
  24:         } 
  25:  
  26:         protected override void OnEndOpen(IAsyncResult result)
  27:         {
  28:             Console.WriteLine("MyChannelFactory<TChannel>.OnEndOpen()");
  29:             this.InnerChannelFactory.EndOpen(result);
  30:         } 
  31:  
  32:         protected override void OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
  33:         {
  34:             Console.WriteLine("MyChannelFactory<TChannel>.OnOpen()");
  35:             this.InnerChannelFactory.Open();
  36:         }
  37:     }
  38: } 

我们说过,和Channel stack一样,Channel factory仍然是一个stack,原因很简单,一个个的Channel需要相应的channel factory来创建。同Channel一样,当channel factory创建了自己的channel之后需要将接力棒交到下一个Channel factory。不过不通于Channel的是,下一个Channel factory不时在构造函数直接指定的,而是通过构造函数中BindingContext 对象的BuildInnerChannelFactory()创建。

   1: private IChannelFactory<TChannel> InnerChannelFactory
   2: { get; set; } 
   3:  
   4: public MyChannelFactory(BindingContext context)
   5: {
   6:       this.InnerChannelFactory = context.BuildInnerChannelFactory<TChannel>();
   7: } 

注:BindingContext 的两个最重要的方法就是BuildInnerChannelFactory和BuildInnerChannelListener。前者创建Inner channel factory后者创建Inner Channel listener。

熟悉了ChannelFactory的定义,大家很自然的想得到ChannelListner的定义(不过ChannelListner的成员比ChannelFactory 要多些):

   1: namespace Artech.ChannleStackExplore.Channels
   2: {
   3:     public class MyChannelListener<TChannel> : ChannelListenerBase<TChannel> where TChannel : class, IChannel
   4:     {
   5:         private IChannelListener<TChannel> InnerChannelListener
   6:         { get; set; } 
   7:  
   8:         public MyChannelListener(BindingContext context)
   9:         {
  10:             this.InnerChannelListener = context.BuildInnerChannelListener<TChannel>();
  11:         } 
  12:  
  13:         protected override TChannel OnAcceptChannel(TimeSpan timeout)
  14:         {
  15:             Console.WriteLine("MyChannelListener<TChannel>.OnAcceptChannel()");
  16:             TChannel innerChannel = this.InnerChannelListener.AcceptChannel(timeout);
  17:             return new MyReplyChannel(this, innerChannel as IReplyChannel) as TChannel;
  18:         } 
  19:  
  20:         protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginAcceptChannel(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
  21:         {
  22:             Console.WriteLine("MyChannelListener<TChannel>.OnBeginAcceptChannel()");
  23:            return this.InnerChannelListener.BeginAcceptChannel(timeout, callback, state);
  24:         } 
  25:  
  26:         protected override TChannel OnEndAcceptChannel(IAsyncResult result)
  27:         {
  28:             Console.WriteLine("MyChannelListener<TChannel>.OnEndAcceptChannel()");
  29:             TChannel innerChannel = this.InnerChannelListener.EndAcceptChannel(result);
  30:             return new MyReplyChannel(this, innerChannel as IReplyChannel) as TChannel;
  31:         } 
  32:  
  33:         protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginWaitForChannel(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
  34:         {
  35:             Console.WriteLine("MyChannelListener<TChannel>.OnBeginWaitForChannel()");
  36:             return this.InnerChannelListener.BeginWaitForChannel(timeout, callback, state);
  37:         } 
  38:  
  39:         protected override bool OnEndWaitForChannel(IAsyncResult result)
  40:         {
  41:             Console.WriteLine("MyChannelListener<TChannel>.OnEndWaitForChannel()");
  42:             return this.InnerChannelListener.EndWaitForChannel(result);
  43:         } 
  44:  
  45:         protected override bool OnWaitForChannel(TimeSpan timeout)
  46:         {
  47:             Console.WriteLine("MyChannelListener<TChannel>.OnWaitForChannel()");
  48:             return this.InnerChannelListener.WaitForChannel(timeout);
  49:         } 
  50:  
  51:         public override Uri Uri
  52:         {
  53:             get 
  54:             {
  55:                 Console.WriteLine("MyChannelListener<TChannel>.Uri"); 
  56:                 return this.InnerChannelListener.Uri;
  57:             } 
  58:  
  59:         } 
  60:  
  61:         protected override void OnAbort()
  62:         {
  63:             Console.WriteLine("MyChannelListener<TChannel>.OnAbort()");
  64:             this.InnerChannelListener.Abort();
  65:         } 
  66:  
  67:         protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginClose(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
  68:         {
  69:             Console.WriteLine("MyChannelListener<TChannel>.OnBeginClose()");
  70:             return this.InnerChannelListener.BeginClose(timeout, callback, state);
  71:         } 
  72:  
  73:         protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginOpen(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
  74:         {
  75:             Console.WriteLine("MyChannelListener<TChannel>.OnBeginOpen()");
  76:             return this.InnerChannelListener.BeginOpen(timeout, callback, state);
  77:         } 
  78:  
  79:         protected override void OnClose(TimeSpan timeout)
  80:         {
  81:             Console.WriteLine("MyChannelListener<TChannel>.OnClose()");
  82:             this.InnerChannelListener.Close(timeout);
  83:         } 
  84:  
  85:         protected override void OnEndClose(IAsyncResult result)
  86:         {
  87:             Console.WriteLine("MyChannelListener<TChannel>.OnEndClose()");
  88:             this.InnerChannelListener.EndClose(result);
  89:         } 
  90:  
  91:         protected override void OnEndOpen(IAsyncResult result)
  92:         {
  93:             Console.WriteLine("MyChannelListener<TChannel>.OnEndOpen()");
  94:             this.InnerChannelListener.EndOpen(result);
  95:         } 
  96:  
  97:         protected override void OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
  98:         {
  99:             Console.WriteLine("MyChannelListener<TChannel>.OnOpen()");
 100:             this.InnerChannelListener.Open(timeout);
 101:         }
 102:     }
 103: } 

五、创建Custom Binding Element

我们知道Binding是Service mode layer进入Channel layer的中介,而Binding由一系列的Binding element组成。我们上面创建的Channel factory和Channel listener需要最终通过对应的BindingElement应用到Binding中才能最终发挥作用。我们就来创建这个BindingElement:MyBindingElement。够简单吧,直接调用MyChannelFactory和MyChannelListener的构造函数就可以了。

   1: namespace Artech.ChannleStackExplore.Channels
   2: {
   3:   public class MyBindingElement:BindingElement
   4:     {
   5:         public override BindingElement Clone()
   6:         {
   7:             return new MyBindingElement();
   8:         } 
   9:  
  10:         public override T GetProperty<T>(BindingContext context)
  11:         {
  12:             return context.GetInnerProperty<T>();
  13:         } 
  14:  
  15:         public override IChannelFactory<TChannel> BuildChannelFactory<TChannel>(BindingContext context)
  16:         {
  17:             Console.WriteLine("MyBindingElement.BuildChannelFactory()");
  18:             return new MyChannelFactory<TChannel>(context) as IChannelFactory<TChannel>;
  19:         } 
  20:  
  21:         public override IChannelListener<TChannel> BuildChannelListener<TChannel>(BindingContext context)
  22:         {
  23:             Console.WriteLine("MyBindingElement.BuildChannelListener()");
  24:             return new MyChannelListener<TChannel>(context) as IChannelListener<TChannel>;
  25:         }
  26:     }
  27: }

六、创建Custom Binding

我们进入了最后的阶段,创建一个Custom Binding。MyBinding继承Binding。 在CreateBindingElements方法中将我们的Binding element(MyBindingElement),连同其他必须的Binding element添加到BindingElementCollection 中。

   1: namespace Artech.ChannleStackExplore.Channels
   2: {
   3:     public class MyBinding:Binding
   4:     {
   5:         public override BindingElementCollection CreateBindingElements()
   6:         {
   7:             BindingElementCollection elemens = new BindingElementCollection();
   8:             elemens.Add(new TextMessageEncodingBindingElement());
   9:             elemens.Add(new MyBindingElement());
  10:             elemens.Add(new HttpTransportBindingElement());
  11:             return elemens.Clone();
  12:         } 
  13:  
  14:         public override string Scheme
  15:         {
  16:             get
  17:             {
  18:                 return "http";
  19:             }
  20:         }
  21:     }
  22: } 

注:对BindElement的组装可以通过configuration来实现。

七、使用Custom Binding

我们上面所做的一切都汇集到我们的Custom binding:MyBinding。既然我们为之写了那么多代码,我们一定要通过某种方式测试一下它时候具有我们需要的功能。我们通过MyBinding创建一个Messaging via Binding的应用。不熟悉的朋友可以转到上一篇去熟悉一下。下面是Server端的代码。

   1: namespace Server
   2: {
   3:     class Program
   4:     {
   5:         static void Main(string[] args)
   6:         {
   7:             MyBinding binding = new MyBinding();
   8:             IChannelListener<IReplyChannel> channelListener= binding.BuildChannelListener<IReplyChannel>(new Uri("http://127.0.0.1:8888/messagingviabinding"));
   9:             channelListener.Open(); 
  10:  
  11:             while (true)
  12:             {
  13:                 IReplyChannel channel= channelListener.AcceptChannel(TimeSpan.MaxValue);
  14:                 channel.Open();
  15:                 RequestContext context = channel.ReceiveRequest(TimeSpan.MaxValue); 
  16:  
  17:                 Console.WriteLine("Receive a request message:\n{0}", context.RequestMessage);
  18:                 Message replyMessage = Message.CreateMessage(MessageVersion.Soap12WSAddressing10, "http://artech.messagingviabinding", "This is a mannualy created reply message for the purpose of testing");
  19:                 context.Reply(replyMessage);
  20:                 channel.Close();
  21:             }
  22:         }
  23:     }
  24: }
下面是Client端的代码:  
   1: namespace Client
   2: {
   3:     class Program
   4:     {
   5:         static void Main(string[] args)
   6:         {
   7:             MyBinding binding = new MyBinding();
   8:             IChannelFactory<IRequestChannel> channelFactory = binding.BuildChannelFactory<IRequestChannel>();
   9:             channelFactory.Open(); 
  10:  
  11:             IRequestChannel channel = channelFactory.CreateChannel(new EndpointAddress("http://127.0.0.1:8888/messagingviabinding"));
  12:             channel.Open(); 
  13:  
  14:             Message requestMessage = Message.CreateMessage(MessageVersion.Soap12WSAddressing10, "http://artech.messagingviabinding", "This is a mannualy created reply message for the purpose of testing");
  15:             Message replyMessage = channel.Request(requestMessage);
  16:             Console.WriteLine("Receive a reply message:\n{0}", replyMessage);
  17:             channel.Close();
  18:             channelFactory.Close();
  19:             Console.Read();
  20:         } 
  21:  
  22:     }
  23: } 

运行的结果将会是这样,下面是服务端输出结果:

wcf2_02_01

这是客户端的输出结果:

wcf2_02_02

通过上面的输出结果,你很直观的了解到了整个程序执行过程中,我们的定义在Channel,Channel factory,Channel listener和Binding element的方法是如何被依次执行的。 

 

WCF后续之旅:
WCF后续之旅(1): WCF是如何通过Binding进行通信的
WCF后续之旅(2): 如何对Channel Layer进行扩展——创建自定义Channel
WCF后续之旅(3): WCF Service Mode Layer 的中枢—Dispatcher
WCF后续之旅(4):WCF Extension Point 概览
WCF后续之旅(5): 通过WCF Extension实现Localization
WCF后续之旅(6): 通过WCF Extension实现Context信息的传递
WCF后续之旅(7):通过WCF Extension实现和Enterprise Library Unity Container的集成
WCF后续之旅(8):通过WCF Extension 实现与MS Enterprise Library Policy Injection Application Block 的集成
WCF后续之旅(9):通过WCF的双向通信实现Session管理[Part I]
WCF后续之旅(9): 通过WCF双向通信实现Session管理[Part II]
WCF后续之旅(10): 通过WCF Extension实现以对象池的方式创建Service Instance
WCF后续之旅(11): 关于并发、回调的线程关联性(Thread Affinity)
WCF后续之旅(12): 线程关联性(Thread Affinity)对WCF并发访问的影响
WCF后续之旅(13): 创建一个简单的WCF SOAP Message拦截、转发工具[上篇]
WCF后续之旅(13):创建一个简单的SOAP Message拦截、转发工具[下篇]
WCF后续之旅(14):TCP端口共享
WCF后续之旅(15): 逻辑地址和物理地址
WCF后续之旅(16): 消息是如何分发到Endpoint的--消息筛选(Message Filter)
WCF后续之旅(17):通过tcpTracer进行消息的路由

 

posted @ 2008-07-09 09:14  Artech  阅读(12339)  评论(41编辑  收藏  举报