1、安装smartmontools软件包
apt-get install smartmontools # Debian/Ubuntu yum install smartmontools # RedHat/CentOS
2、命令帮助
root@pve01:~# smartctl --help
smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.15.53-1-pve] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
Usage: smartctl [options] device
============================================ SHOW INFORMATION OPTIONS =====
-h, --help, --usage
Display this help and exit
-V, --version, --copyright, --license
Print license, copyright, and version information and exit
-i, --info
Show identity information for device
--identify[=[w][nvb]]
Show words and bits from IDENTIFY DEVICE data (ATA)
-g NAME, --get=NAME
Get device setting: all, aam, apm, dsn, lookahead, security,
wcache, rcache, wcreorder, wcache-sct
-a, --all
Show all SMART information for device
-x, --xall
Show all information for device
--scan
Scan for devices
--scan-open
Scan for devices and try to open each device
================================== SMARTCTL RUN-TIME BEHAVIOR OPTIONS =====
-j, --json[=cgiosuvy]
Print output in JSON or YAML format
-q TYPE, --quietmode=TYPE (ATA)
Set smartctl quiet mode to one of: errorsonly, silent, noserial
-d TYPE, --device=TYPE
Specify device type to one of:
ata, scsi[+TYPE], nvme[,NSID], sat[,auto][,N][+TYPE], usbcypress[,X], usbjmicron[,p][,x][,N], usbprolific, usbsunplus, sntjmicron[,NSID], sntrealtek, intelliprop,N[+TYPE], jmb39x[-q],N[,sLBA][,force][+TYPE], jms56x,N[,sLBA][,force][+TYPE], marvell, areca,N/E, 3ware,N, hpt,L/M/N, megaraid,N, aacraid,H,L,ID, cciss,N, auto, test
-T TYPE, --tolerance=TYPE (ATA)
Tolerance: normal, conservative, permissive, verypermissive
-b TYPE, --badsum=TYPE (ATA)
Set action on bad checksum to one of: warn, exit, ignore
-r TYPE, --report=TYPE
Report transactions (see man page)
-n MODE[,STATUS], --nocheck=MODE[,STATUS] (ATA, SCSI)
No check if: never, sleep, standby, idle (see man page)
============================== DEVICE FEATURE ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS =====
-s VALUE, --smart=VALUE
Enable/disable SMART on device (on/off)
-o VALUE, --offlineauto=VALUE (ATA)
Enable/disable automatic offline testing on device (on/off)
-S VALUE, --saveauto=VALUE (ATA)
Enable/disable Attribute autosave on device (on/off)
-s NAME[,VALUE], --set=NAME[,VALUE]
Enable/disable/change device setting: aam,[N|off], apm,[N|off],
dsn,[on|off], lookahead,[on|off], security-freeze,
standby,[N|off|now], wcache,[on|off], rcache,[on|off],
wcreorder,[on|off[,p]], wcache-sct,[ata|on|off[,p]]
======================================= READ AND DISPLAY DATA OPTIONS =====
-H, --health
Show device SMART health status
-c, --capabilities (ATA, NVMe)
Show device SMART capabilities
-A, --attributes
Show device SMART vendor-specific Attributes and values
-f FORMAT, --format=FORMAT (ATA)
Set output format for attributes: old, brief, hex[,id|val]
-l TYPE, --log=TYPE
Show device log. TYPE: error, selftest, selective, directory[,g|s],
xerror[,N][,error], xselftest[,N][,selftest], background,
sasphy[,reset], sataphy[,reset], scttemp[sts,hist],
scttempint,N[,p], scterc[,N,M], devstat[,N], defects[,N], ssd,
gplog,N[,RANGE], smartlog,N[,RANGE], nvmelog,N,SIZE
-v N,OPTION , --vendorattribute=N,OPTION (ATA)
Set display OPTION for vendor Attribute N (see man page)
-F TYPE, --firmwarebug=TYPE (ATA)
Use firmware bug workaround:
none, nologdir, samsung, samsung2, samsung3, xerrorlba, swapid
-P TYPE, --presets=TYPE (ATA)
Drive-specific presets: use, ignore, show, showall
-B [+]FILE, --drivedb=[+]FILE (ATA)
Read and replace [add] drive database from FILE
[default is +/etc/smart_drivedb.h
and then /var/lib/smartmontools/drivedb/drivedb.h]
============================================ DEVICE SELF-TEST OPTIONS =====
-t TEST, --test=TEST
Run test. TEST: offline, short, long, conveyance, force, vendor,N,
select,M-N, pending,N, afterselect,[on|off]
-C, --captive
Do test in captive mode (along with -t)
-X, --abort
Abort any non-captive test on device
=================================================== SMARTCTL EXAMPLES =====
smartctl --all /dev/sda (Prints all SMART information)
smartctl --smart=on --offlineauto=on --saveauto=on /dev/sda
(Enables SMART on first disk)
smartctl --test=long /dev/sda (Executes extended disk self-test)
smartctl --attributes --log=selftest --quietmode=errorsonly /dev/sda
(Prints Self-Test & Attribute errors)
smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/sda
smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/twe0
smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/twa0
smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/twl0
(Prints all SMART info for 3rd ATA disk on 3ware RAID controller)
smartctl --all --device=hpt,1/1/3 /dev/sda
(Prints all SMART info for the SATA disk attached to the 3rd PMPort
of the 1st channel on the 1st HighPoint RAID controller)
smartctl --all --device=areca,3/1 /dev/sg2
(Prints all SMART info for 3rd ATA disk of the 1st enclosure
on Areca RAID controller)
3、查看服务器上的硬盘情况
root@pve01:~# smartctl --scan /dev/sda -d scsi # /dev/sda, SCSI device /dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,0 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_00], SCSI device /dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,1 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_01], SCSI device /dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,2 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_02], SCSI device /dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,3 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_03], SCSI device /dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,4 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_04], SCSI device /dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,5 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_05], SCSI device
4、各种RAID控制器的参数
5、获取硬盘的各项参数情况
root@pve01:~# smartctl -a -d megaraid,5 /dev/sda
smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.15.53-1-pve] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Vendor: SEAGATE
Product: ST2000NM0023
Revision: GS0A
Compliance: SPC-4
User Capacity: 2,000,398,934,016 bytes [2.00 TB]
Logical block size: 512 bytes
LU is fully provisioned
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
Form Factor: 3.5 inches
Logical Unit id: 0x5000c50057f7c51f
Serial number: Z1X1KM2R
Device type: disk
Transport protocol: SAS (SPL-3)
Local Time is: Mon Sep 11 10:55:37 2023 CST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
Temperature Warning: Disabled or Not Supported
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Health Status: OK
Current Drive Temperature: 44 C
Drive Trip Temperature: 50 C
Accumulated power on time, hours:minutes 17425:17
Manufactured in week 52 of year 2013
Specified cycle count over device lifetime: 10000
Accumulated start-stop cycles: 9
Specified load-unload count over device lifetime: 300000
Accumulated load-unload cycles: 35768
Elements in grown defect list: 0
Vendor (Seagate Cache) information
Blocks sent to initiator = 2621212142
Blocks received from initiator = 2847
Blocks read from cache and sent to initiator = 3763
Number of read and write commands whose size <= segment size = 68359
Number of read and write commands whose size > segment size = 0
Vendor (Seagate/Hitachi) factory information
number of hours powered up = 17425.28
number of minutes until next internal SMART test = 4
Error counter log:
Errors Corrected by Total Correction Gigabytes Total
ECC rereads/ errors algorithm processed uncorrected
fast | delayed rewrites corrected invocations [10^9 bytes] errors
read: 38164 0 0 38164 0 0.017 0
write: 0 0 0 0 0 282.140 0
verify: 644952115 0 0 644952115 0 120969.768 0
Non-medium error count: 2
No Self-tests have been logged
参考：
https://www.smartmontools.org/browser/trunk/smartmontools/smartctl.8.in https://www.smartmontools.org/wiki/Supported_RAID-Controllers https://www.smartmontools.org/wiki/Download
