Elasticsearch---DSL搜索实践

Domain Specific Language

特定领域语言，基于JSON格式的数据查询，查询更灵活，有利于复杂查询

更好的阅读体验：http://www.zhouhong.icu/post/137

一、普通url路径参数搜索

数据准备

1.建立名字为 shop 的索引

2.手动建立mappings

POST        http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_mapping
{
    "properties": {
        "id": {
            "type": "long"
        },
        "age": {
            "type": "integer"
        },
        "username": {
            "type": "keyword"
        },
        "nickname": {
            "type": "text",
            "analyzer": "ik_max_word"
        },
        "money": {
            "type": "float"
        },
        "desc": {
            "type": "text",
            "analyzer": "ik_max_word"
        },
        "sex": {
            "type": "byte"
        },
        "birthday": {
            "type": "date"
        },
        "face": {
            "type": "text",
            "index": false
        }
    }
}

3.添加数据

POST   http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/1001
{
"id": 1011,
"age": 31,
"username": "sprder",
"nickname": "皮特帕克",
"money": 180.8,
"desc": "它是一个超级英雄",
"sex": 1,
"birthday": "1989-08-14",
"face": "https://www.zhouhong.com/static/img/index/logo.png"
}
{
"id": 1008,
"age": 19,
"username": "zhoujiang",
"nickname": "周江",
"money": 1056.8,
"desc": "周江大学毕业后，进了阿里",
"sex": 1,
"birthday": "1995-06-14",
"face": "https://www.zhouhong.com/static/img/index/logo.png"
}
{
"id": 1007,
"age": 19,
"username": "msgame",
"nickname": "gamexbox",
"money": 1056.8,
"desc": "明天去进货，最近微软处理很多游戏机，还要买xbox游戏卡带",
"sex": 1,
"birthday": "1985-05-14",
"face": "https://www.zhouhong.com/static/img/index/logo.png"    
}
{
"id": 1003,
"age": 20,
"username": "bigFace",
"nickname": "飞翔的巨鹰",
"money": 66.8,
"desc": "周江和导游坐飞机去海外旅游，去了新马泰和欧洲",
"sex": 1,
"birthday": "1996-01-14",
"face": "https://www.zhouhong.com/static/img/index/logo.png"    
}
{
"id": 1002,
"age": 19,
"username": "zhouhong",
"nickname": "周红",
"money": 77.8,
"desc": "今天上下班都很堵，车流量很大",
"sex": 1,
"birthday": "1993-01-24",
"face": "https://www.zhouhong.com/static/img/index/logo.png"    
}
{
 "id": 1012,
"age": 31,
"username": "super hero",
"nickname": "super hero",
"money": 188.8,
"desc": "BatMan, GreenArrow, SpiderMan, IronMan... are all Super Hero",
"sex": 1,
"birthday": "1980-08-14",
"face": "https://www.zhouhong.com/static/img/index/logo.png"   
}
{
"id": 1010,
"age": 30,
"username": "tata",
"nickname": "隔壁老王",
"money": 100.8,
"desc": "隔壁老外去国外出差，带给我很多好吃的",
"sex": 1,
"birthday": "1988-07-14",
"face": "https://www.zhouhong.com/static/img/index/logo.png"    
}
{
 "id": 1009,
"age": 22,
"username": "shaonian",
"nickname": "骚年轮",
"money": 96.8,
"desc": "骚年在大学毕业后，考研究生去了",
"sex": 1,
"birthday": "1998-07-14",
"face": "https://www.zhouhong.com/static/img/index/logo.png"   
}
{
"id": 1006,
"age": 19,
"username": "zhouhong",
"nickname": "我叫周红",
"money": 156.8,
"desc": "我叫周红，今年20岁，是一名毕业生，我在琦䯲星球做演讲",
"sex": 1,
"birthday": "1993-04-14",
"face": "https://www.zhouhong.com/static/img/index/logo.png"    
}
{
"id": 1005,
"age": 25,
"username": "gotoplay",
"nickname": "ps游戏机",
"money": 155.8,
"desc": "今年生日，女友送了我一台play station游戏机，非常好玩，非常不错",
"sex": 1,
"birthday": "1989-03-14",
"face": "https://www.zhouhong.com/static/img/index/logo.png"    
}
{
 "id": 1004,
"age": 22,
"username": "flyfish",
"nickname": "水中鱼",
"money": 55.8,
"desc": "昨天周红在学校的池塘里，看到有很多鱼在游泳",
"sex": 0,
"birthday": "1988-02-14",
"face": "https://www.zhouhong.com/static/img/index/logo.png"   
}
{
 "id": 1001,
"age": 18,
"username": "zhoujiang",
"nickname": "周江",
"money": 88.8,
"desc": "周江在大学学习java和前端",
"sex": 0,
"birthday": "1992-12-24",
"face": "https://www.zhouhong.com/static/img/index/logo.png"   
}

4、普通检索：

http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_search?q=desc:周红&q=age:20

{
    "took": 8,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 3,
        "successful": 3,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 1,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 1,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "shop",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "1003",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "id": 1003,
                    "age": 20,
                    "username": "bigFace",
                    "nickname": "飞翔的巨鹰",
                    "money": 66.8,
                    "desc": "周江和导游坐飞机去海外旅游，去了新马泰和欧洲",
                    "sex": 1,
                    "birthday": "1996-01-14",
                    "face": "https://www.zhouhong.com/static/img/index/logo.png"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

二、DSL搜索

match_all 检索

查询所有：POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search

{
	"query": {
		"match_all": {}
	}
}

查询部分字段： POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search

{
	"query": {
		"match_all": {}
	},
	"_source": ["id","username","age"]
}

分页查询： POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search

{
	"query": {
		"match_all": {}
	},
	"_source": ["id","username","age"],
	"from": 0,
	"size": 5
}

match_phrase 查询同一个字段中几个词，可以跳过其他词，slop表示可以跳过的最大词数

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search

{
	"query": {
		"match_phrase": {
			"desc": {
				"query": "今天 车流量",
				"slop": 100
			}
		}
	}
}

term 单个条件查询（不会进行分词、将输入字符当做关键字查找，精确匹配）

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search

{
	"query": {
		"term": {
			"desc": "学习"
		}
	}
}

terms 对多个关键字查询

{
	"query": {
		"terms": {
			"desc": ["学习","周红","周江"]
		}
	}
}

match 条件查询（会对输入的字符进行分词操作、全文检索）

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search

{
	"query": {
		"match": {
			"desc": "周红"
		}
	},
	"_source": ["id","username","age"]
}

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search operator 为 “or”表示：字段只要有一个分词就可以查出来，operator 为 “and”表示：字段必须包含分词分出来的所有字段。

{
	"query": {
		"match": {
			"desc": {
				"query": "周红",
				"operator": "and"
			}
		}
	},
	"_source": ["id","username","age"]
}

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search
minimum_should_match: 最低匹配精度，至少有[分词后的词语个数]x百分百，得出一个数据值取整。举个例子：当前属性设置为70，若一个用户查询检索内容分词后有10个词语，那么匹配度按照 10x70%=7，则desc中至少需要有7个词语匹配，就展示；若分词后有8个，则 8x70%=5.6，则desc中至少需要有5个词语匹配，就展示。
minimum_should_match 也能设置具体的数字，表示拆分出来的词在一个字段中个数

{
    "query": {
        "match": {
            "desc": {
                "query": "女友生日送我好玩的xbox游戏机",
                "minimum_should_match": "60%"
            }
        }
    }
}

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search 根据文档 ids 进行查找

{
	"query": {
		"ids": {
			"type": "_doc",
			"values": ["1001","1005","1006"]
		}
	},
	"_source": ["id","username","desc"]
}

multi_match 对多个字段进行检索

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search ^10 表示权重，权重，为某个字段设置权重，权重越高，文档相关性得分就越高。通畅来说搜索商品名称要比商品简介的权重更高。

{
    "query": {
        "multi_match": {
            "query": "游戏",
            "fields": [
            	"desc^10","nickname"
            ]
        }
    }
}

bool 查询

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search
must ：多个条件全部要满足， should：或者的意思，满足一个条件即可，must_not ：除了满足所有条件剩下的数据。

{
    "query": {
        "bool": {
            "must": [
            	{
            		"multi_match": {
            			"query": "游戏",
            			"fields": ["desc","nickname"]
            		}
            	},
            	{
            		"term": {
            			"age": "19"
            		}
            	}
            ]
        }
    }
}

post_filter 过滤器

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search
对搜索出来的结果进行数据过滤。不会到es库里去搜，不会去计算文档的相关度分数，所以过滤的性能会比较高，过滤器可以和全文搜索结合在一起使用。

post_filter元素是一个顶层元素，只会对搜索结果进行过滤。不会计算数据的匹配度相关性分数，不会根据分数去排序，query则相反，会计算分数，也会按照分数去排序。
使用场景：

query：根据用户搜索条件检索匹配记录
post_filter：用于查询后，对结果数据的筛选

实操：查询账户金额大于80元，小于等于155.8元的用户

gte：大于等于

lte：小于等于

gt：大于

lt：小于

{
	"query": {
		"match": {
			"sex": "1"
		}
	},
	"post_filter": {
		"range": {
			"money": {
				"gte": 60,
				"lte": 155.8
			}
		}
	}
}

sort 排序功能

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search 先以money排序再以age排序，注意：只能对整形排序，不能对文本类型排序。

{
	"query": {
		"match": {
			"sex": "1"
		}
	},
	"sort": [
		{
			"money": "asc"
		},
		{
			"age": "asc"
		}	
	]
}

对文本排序
需要对排序字段加一个附加属性，类型选择为keyword

1.创建索引
POST        /shop2/_mapping
{
    "properties": {
        "id": {
            "type": "long"
        },
        "nickname": {
            "type": "text",
            "analyzer": "ik_max_word",
            "fields": {
                "keyword": {
                    "type": "keyword"
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

2.插入数据
POST         /shop2/_doc
{
    "id": 1001,
    "nickname": "美丽的风景"
}
{
    "id": 1002,
    "nickname": "漂亮的小哥哥"
}
{
    "id": 1003,
    "nickname": "飞翔的巨鹰"
}
{
    "id": 1004,
    "nickname": "完美的天空"
}
{
    "id": 1005,
    "nickname": "广阔的海域"
}

3.排序     POST    http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop2/_doc/_search
{
    "sort": [
        {
            "nickname.keyword": "desc"
        }
    ]
}

exists 判断字段是否存在

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search

{
	"query": {
		"exists": {
			"field": "desc"
		}
	}
}

highlight 关键字高亮显示

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search

{
    "query": {
        "match": {
            "desc": "周红"
        }
    },
    "highlight": {
    	"pre_tags": ["<span>"],
    	"post_tags": ["</span>"],
    	"fields": {
    		"desc": {}
    	}
    }
}

结果：默认为em标签，上面设置为自定义的<span>标签，对页面 em/span 标签做一个颜色设置就可以实现高亮显示了。

{
    "took": 110,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 3,
        "successful": 3,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 2,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 1.1329247,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "shop",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "1004",
                "_score": 1.1329247,
                "_source": {
                    "id": 1004,
                    "age": 22,
                    "username": "flyfish",
                    "nickname": "水中鱼",
                    "money": 55.8,
                    "desc": "昨天周红在学校的池塘里，看到有很多鱼在游泳",
                    "sex": 0,
                    "birthday": "1988-02-14",
                    "face": "https://www.zhouhong.com/static/img/index/logo.png"
                },
                "highlight": {
                    "desc": [
                        "昨天<em>周红</em>在学校的池塘里，看到有很多鱼在游泳"
                    ]
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shop",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "1006",
                "_score": 0.9585575,
                "_source": {
                    "id": 1006,
                    "age": 19,
                    "username": "zhouhong",
                    "nickname": "我叫周红",
                    "money": 156.8,
                    "desc": "我叫周红，今年20岁，是一名毕业生，我在琦䯲星球做演讲",
                    "sex": 1,
                    "birthday": "1993-04-14",
                    "face": "https://www.zhouhong.com/static/img/index/logo.png"
                },
                "highlight": {
                    "desc": [
                        "我叫<em>周红</em>，今年20岁，是一名毕业生，我在琦䯲星球做演讲"
                    ]
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

posted @ 2021-02-23 01:36 Tom-shushu 阅读(251) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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慢时光~

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Elasticsearch---DSL搜索实践

更好的阅读体验：http://www.zhouhong.icu/post/137

一、普通url路径参数搜索

数据准备

1.建立名字为 shop 的索引

2.手动建立mappings

3.添加数据

4、普通检索：

http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_search?q=desc:周红&q=age:20

二、DSL搜索

match_all 检索

查询所有：POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search

查询部分字段 ： POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search

分页查询： POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search

match_phrase 查询同一个字段中几个词，可以跳过其他词，slop表示可以跳过的最大词数

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search

term 单个条件查询（不会进行分词、将输入字符当做关键字查找，精确匹配）

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search

terms 对多个关键字查询

match 条件查询（会对输入的字符进行分词操作、全文检索）

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search operator 为 “or”表示：字段只要有一个分词就可以查出来，operator 为 “and”表示：字段必须包含分词分出来的所有字段。

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search 根据文档 ids 进行查找

multi_match 对多个字段进行检索

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search ^10 表示权重，权重，为某个字段设置权重，权重越高，文档相关性得分就越高。通畅来说搜索商品名称要比商品简介的权重更高。

bool 查询

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search

must ：多个条件全部要满足， should：或者的意思，满足一个条件即可，must_not ：除了满足所有条件剩下的数据。

post_filter 过滤器

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search

sort 排序功能

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search 先以money排序再以age排序，注意：只能对整形排序，不能对文本类型排序。

对文本排序

需要对排序字段加一个附加属性，类型选择为keyword

exists 判断字段是否存在

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search

highlight 关键字高亮显示

POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search

公告

查询部分字段： POST http://192.168.2.223:9200/shop/_doc/_search