Linux操作系统的curl命令的基本使用

              Linux操作系统的curl命令的基本使用

                                        作者:尹正杰

版权声明:原创作品,谢绝转载!否则将追究法律责任。

 

 

 
 
 
一.curl工具概述
  curl是基于URL语法在命令行方式下工作的文件传输工具,它支持FTP,FTPS,HTTP,HTTPS,GOPHER,TELNET,DICT,FILE及LDAP等协议;

  curl支持HTTPS认证,并且支持HTTP的POST、PUT等方法, FTP上传, kerberos认证,HTTP上传,代理服务器,cookies,用户名/密码认证, 下载文件断点续传,上载文件断点续传, http代理服务器管道( proxy tunneling);

  curl还支持IPv6,socks5代理服务器,通过http代理服务器上传文件到FTP服务器等,功能十分强大。

 

二.curl工具常用选项高数
语法格式:
  curl [options] [URL...]


常用选项如下所示:
  -A/--user-agent <string>:
    设置用户代理发送给服务器

  -e/--referer <URL>:
    来源网址

  --cacert <file>:
    CA证书 (SSL)

  -k/--insecure:
    允许忽略证书进行 SSL 连接

  --compressed:
    要求返回是压缩的格式

  -H/--header <line>:
    自定义首部信息传递给服务器

  -i:
    显示页面内容,包括报文首部信息

  -I/--head:
    只显示响应报文首部信息

  -D/--dump-header <file>:
    将url的header信息存放在指定文件中

  --basic:
    使用HTTP基本认证

  -u/--user
<user[:password]>:     设置服务器的用户和密码
  -L:     如果有3xx响应码,重新发请求到新位置   
  -O:     使用URL中默认的文件名保存文件到本地
  -o
<file>:     将网络文件保存为指定的文件中
  --limit-rate
<rate>:     设置传输速度
  -0/--http1.0:     数字0,使用HTTP 1.0
  -v/--verbose:     更详细   -C:     选项可对文件使用断点续传功能
  -c/--cookie-jar
<file name>:     将url中cookie存放在指定文件中
  -x/--proxy
<proxyhost[:port]>:     指定代理服务器地址
  -X/--request
<command>:     向服务器发送指定请求方法
  -U/--proxy-user
<user:password>:     代理服务器用户和密码
  -T:     选项可将指定的本地文件上传到FTP服务器上
  --data/-d:     方式指定使用POST方式传递数据
  -b name=data:     从服务器响应set-cookie得到值,返回给服务器
 
三.curl命令测试HTTP协议实战案例

1>."-A/--user-agent <string>"案例

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -A 'Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36' http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn          #设置用户代理发送给服务器,其实就是封装了请求报文中的"User-Agent"参数,可以结合"-v"选项查看的更详细。
<h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1>
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl --user-agent 'Firefox/108 ' http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn 
<h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1>
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -tnl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q                         Local Address:Port                                        Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128                                        *:80                                                     *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                                        *:22                                                     *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                                       :::22                                                    :::*                  
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/www/html/index.html 
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31 Dec 10 22:17 /var/www/html/index.html
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /var/www/html/index.html 
<h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1>
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# tail -10f /var/log/httpd/access_log               #查看服务端日志,观察请求日志信息
......
172.30.1.101 - - [10/Dec/2019:22:22:42 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 31 "-" "Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36"
172.30.1.101 - - [10/Dec/2019:22:27:59 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 31 "-" "Firefox/108"
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# tail -10f /var/log/httpd/access_log               #查看服务端日志,观察请求日志信息,观察服务端是否有上面记录中的User-Agent参数记录。

2>."-v/--verbose"案例显示一次的http请求的通信过程

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -A 'Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36' http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn -v      #显示http请求的通信过程,包括request,response,以及正文。
* About to connect() to node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn port 80 (#0)
*   Trying 172.30.1.107...
* Connected to node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn (172.30.1.107) port 80 (#0)
> GET / HTTP/1.1
> User-Agent: Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36
> Host: node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn
> Accept: */*
> 
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Date: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:18:12 GMT
< Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) PHP/5.4.16
< Last-Modified: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:17:04 GMT
< ETag: "1f-5995a2a997640"
< Accept-Ranges: bytes
< Content-Length: 31
< Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
< 
<h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1>
* Connection #0 to host node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn left intact
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 

3>."-e/--referer <URL>"案例

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -e "www.baidu.com" http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn -v             #指定来源网址为"www.baidu.com"
* About to connect() to node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn port 80 (#0)
*   Trying 172.30.1.107...
* Connected to node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn (172.30.1.107) port 80 (#0)
> GET / HTTP/1.1
> User-Agent: curl/7.29.0
> Host: node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn
> Accept: */*
> Referer: www.baidu.com
> 
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Date: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:45:15 GMT
< Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) PHP/5.4.16
< Last-Modified: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:17:04 GMT
< ETag: "1f-5995a2a997640"
< Accept-Ranges: bytes
< Content-Length: 31
< Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
< 
<h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1>
* Connection #0 to host node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn left intact
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -tnl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q                         Local Address:Port                                        Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128                                        *:80                                                     *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                                        *:22                                                     *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                                       :::22                                                    :::*                  
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/www/html/index.html 
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31 Dec 10 22:17 /var/www/html/index.html
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /var/www/html/index.html 
<h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1>
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# tail -10f /var/log/httpd/access_log               #查看服务端日志,观察请求日志信息
......
172.30.1.101 - - [10/Dec/2019:22:45:15 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 31 "www.baidu.com" "curl/7.29.0"
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# tail -10f /var/log/httpd/access_log               #查看服务端日志,观察请求日志信息,观察服务端是否有上面记录中的User-Agent参数记录。

4>."-I/--head"案例 

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -I http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn           #只显示响应报文首部信息
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:52:36 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) PHP/5.4.16
Last-Modified: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:17:04 GMT
ETag: "1f-5995a2a997640"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 31
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl --head http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn 
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:52:45 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) PHP/5.4.16
Last-Modified: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:17:04 GMT
ETag: "1f-5995a2a997640"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 31
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -tnl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q                         Local Address:Port                                        Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128                                        *:80                                                     *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                                        *:22                                                     *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                                       :::22                                                    :::*                  
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/www/html/index.html 
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31 Dec 10 22:17 /var/www/html/index.html
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /var/www/html/index.html 
<h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1>
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# tail -10f /var/log/httpd/access_log               #查看服务端日志,观察请求日志信息
......
172.30.1.101 - - [10/Dec/2019:22:52:36 +0800] "HEAD / HTTP/1.1" 200 - "-" "curl/7.29.0"
172.30.1.101 - - [10/Dec/2019:22:52:45 +0800] "HEAD / HTTP/1.1" 200 - "-" "curl/7.29.0"
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# tail -10f /var/log/httpd/access_log               #查看服务端日志,观察请求日志信息,观察服务端是否有上面记录中的User-Agent参数记录。

5>."-i"案例 

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -i http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn               #显示页面内容,包括报文首部信息
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:54:52 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) PHP/5.4.16
Last-Modified: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:17:04 GMT
ETag: "1f-5995a2a997640"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 31
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8

<h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1>
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -tnl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q                         Local Address:Port                                        Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128                                        *:80                                                     *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                                        *:22                                                     *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                                       :::22                                                    :::*                  
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/www/html/index.html 
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31 Dec 10 22:17 /var/www/html/index.html
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /var/www/html/index.html 
<h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1>
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# tail -10f /var/log/httpd/access_log               #查看服务端日志,观察请求日志信息
......
172.30.1.101 - - [10/Dec/2019:22:54:52 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 31 "-" "curl/7.29.0"
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# tail -10f /var/log/httpd/access_log               #查看服务端日志,观察请求日志信息,观察服务端是否有上面记录中的User-Agent参数记录。

6>."--cacert <file>"案例

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl https://www.yinzhengjie.org.cn --cacert /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl/cacert.pem         #使用证书检查访问网页
<h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1>
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 

7>."-k/--insecure"案例 

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -k https://www.yinzhengjie.org.cn --cacert /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl/cacert.pem       #忽略证书检查访问网页
<h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1>
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 

8>."-c/--cookie-jar <file name>"案例

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -c /root/cookie.txt http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn/setcookie.php         # 将url中cookie存放在指定文件中
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /root/cookie.txt 
# Netscape HTTP Cookie File
# http://curl.haxx.se/docs/http-cookies.html
# This file was generated by libcurl! Edit at your own risk.

node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn    FALSE    /    FALSE    0    department    IT
node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn    FALSE    /    FALSE    1575993782    user    Jason
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 

9>."-X/--request <command>"案例

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -X PUT www.baidu.com          #向服务端发送指定请求的方法,此处我们指定的方法是PUT,下面依次提交的方法是GET,DELETE以及POST方法。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -X GET www.baidu.com
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -X DELETE www.baidu.com
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -X POST www.baidu.com
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 

10>."-D/--dump-header <file>"案例

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 0
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -D yinzhengjie.html http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn               #显示整个网页数据,并将响应头信息存入yinzhengjie.html
<h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1>
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 252 Dec 10 23:35 yinzhengjie.html
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat yinzhengjie.html 
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 15:35:18 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) PHP/5.4.16
Last-Modified: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:17:04 GMT
ETag: "1f-5995a2a997640"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 31
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 

11>."-u/--user <user[:password]>"案例

  如下图所示,我用自己的用户名登陆我们公司的OA账号信息。

12>.查看帮助

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl --help
Usage: curl [options...] <url>
Options: (H) means HTTP/HTTPS only, (F) means FTP only
     --anyauth       Pick "any" authentication method (H)
 -a, --append        Append to target file when uploading (F/SFTP)
     --basic         Use HTTP Basic Authentication (H)
     --cacert FILE   CA certificate to verify peer against (SSL)
     --capath DIR    CA directory to verify peer against (SSL)
 -E, --cert CERT[:PASSWD] Client certificate file and password (SSL)
     --cert-type TYPE Certificate file type (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL)
     --ciphers LIST  SSL ciphers to use (SSL)
     --compressed    Request compressed response (using deflate or gzip)
 -K, --config FILE   Specify which config file to read
     --connect-timeout SECONDS  Maximum time allowed for connection
 -C, --continue-at OFFSET  Resumed transfer offset
 -b, --cookie STRING/FILE  String or file to read cookies from (H)
 -c, --cookie-jar FILE  Write cookies to this file after operation (H)
     --create-dirs   Create necessary local directory hierarchy
     --crlf          Convert LF to CRLF in upload
     --crlfile FILE  Get a CRL list in PEM format from the given file
 -d, --data DATA     HTTP POST data (H)
     --data-ascii DATA  HTTP POST ASCII data (H)
     --data-binary DATA  HTTP POST binary data (H)
     --data-urlencode DATA  HTTP POST data url encoded (H)
     --delegation STRING GSS-API delegation permission
     --digest        Use HTTP Digest Authentication (H)
     --disable-eprt  Inhibit using EPRT or LPRT (F)
     --disable-epsv  Inhibit using EPSV (F)
 -D, --dump-header FILE  Write the headers to this file
     --egd-file FILE  EGD socket path for random data (SSL)
     --engine ENGINGE  Crypto engine (SSL). "--engine list" for list
 -f, --fail          Fail silently (no output at all) on HTTP errors (H)
 -F, --form CONTENT  Specify HTTP multipart POST data (H)
     --form-string STRING  Specify HTTP multipart POST data (H)
     --ftp-account DATA  Account data string (F)
     --ftp-alternative-to-user COMMAND  String to replace "USER [name]" (F)
     --ftp-create-dirs  Create the remote dirs if not present (F)
     --ftp-method [MULTICWD/NOCWD/SINGLECWD] Control CWD usage (F)
     --ftp-pasv      Use PASV/EPSV instead of PORT (F)
 -P, --ftp-port ADR  Use PORT with given address instead of PASV (F)
     --ftp-skip-pasv-ip Skip the IP address for PASV (F)
     --ftp-pret      Send PRET before PASV (for drftpd) (F)
     --ftp-ssl-ccc   Send CCC after authenticating (F)
     --ftp-ssl-ccc-mode ACTIVE/PASSIVE  Set CCC mode (F)
     --ftp-ssl-control Require SSL/TLS for ftp login, clear for transfer (F)
 -G, --get           Send the -d data with a HTTP GET (H)
 -g, --globoff       Disable URL sequences and ranges using {} and []
 -H, --header LINE   Custom header to pass to server (H)
 -I, --head          Show document info only
 -h, --help          This help text
     --hostpubmd5 MD5  Hex encoded MD5 string of the host public key. (SSH)
 -0, --http1.0       Use HTTP 1.0 (H)
     --ignore-content-length  Ignore the HTTP Content-Length header
 -i, --include       Include protocol headers in the output (H/F)
 -k, --insecure      Allow connections to SSL sites without certs (H)
     --interface INTERFACE  Specify network interface/address to use
 -4, --ipv4          Resolve name to IPv4 address
 -6, --ipv6          Resolve name to IPv6 address
 -j, --junk-session-cookies Ignore session cookies read from file (H)
     --keepalive-time SECONDS  Interval between keepalive probes
     --key KEY       Private key file name (SSL/SSH)
     --key-type TYPE Private key file type (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL)
     --krb LEVEL     Enable Kerberos with specified security level (F)
     --libcurl FILE  Dump libcurl equivalent code of this command line
     --limit-rate RATE  Limit transfer speed to this rate
 -l, --list-only     List only names of an FTP directory (F)
     --local-port RANGE  Force use of these local port numbers
 -L, --location      Follow redirects (H)
     --location-trusted like --location and send auth to other hosts (H)
 -M, --manual        Display the full manual
     --mail-from FROM  Mail from this address
     --mail-rcpt TO  Mail to this receiver(s)
     --mail-auth AUTH  Originator address of the original email
     --max-filesize BYTES  Maximum file size to download (H/F)
     --max-redirs NUM  Maximum number of redirects allowed (H)
 -m, --max-time SECONDS  Maximum time allowed for the transfer
     --metalink      Process given URLs as metalink XML file
     --negotiate     Use HTTP Negotiate Authentication (H)
 -n, --netrc         Must read .netrc for user name and password
     --netrc-optional Use either .netrc or URL; overrides -n
     --netrc-file FILE  Set up the netrc filename to use
 -N, --no-buffer     Disable buffering of the output stream
     --no-keepalive  Disable keepalive use on the connection
     --no-sessionid  Disable SSL session-ID reusing (SSL)
     --noproxy       List of hosts which do not use proxy
     --ntlm          Use HTTP NTLM authentication (H)
 -o, --output FILE   Write output to <file> instead of stdout
     --pass PASS     Pass phrase for the private key (SSL/SSH)
     --post301       Do not switch to GET after following a 301 redirect (H)
     --post302       Do not switch to GET after following a 302 redirect (H)
     --post303       Do not switch to GET after following a 303 redirect (H)
 -#, --progress-bar  Display transfer progress as a progress bar
     --proto PROTOCOLS  Enable/disable specified protocols
     --proto-redir PROTOCOLS  Enable/disable specified protocols on redirect
 -x, --proxy [PROTOCOL://]HOST[:PORT] Use proxy on given port
     --proxy-anyauth Pick "any" proxy authentication method (H)
     --proxy-basic   Use Basic authentication on the proxy (H)
     --proxy-digest  Use Digest authentication on the proxy (H)
     --proxy-negotiate Use Negotiate authentication on the proxy (H)
     --proxy-ntlm    Use NTLM authentication on the proxy (H)
 -U, --proxy-user USER[:PASSWORD]  Proxy user and password
     --proxy1.0 HOST[:PORT]  Use HTTP/1.0 proxy on given port
 -p, --proxytunnel   Operate through a HTTP proxy tunnel (using CONNECT)
     --pubkey KEY    Public key file name (SSH)
 -Q, --quote CMD     Send command(s) to server before transfer (F/SFTP)
     --random-file FILE  File for reading random data from (SSL)
 -r, --range RANGE   Retrieve only the bytes within a range
     --raw           Do HTTP "raw", without any transfer decoding (H)
 -e, --referer       Referer URL (H)
 -J, --remote-header-name Use the header-provided filename (H)
 -O, --remote-name   Write output to a file named as the remote file
     --remote-name-all Use the remote file name for all URLs
 -R, --remote-time   Set the remote file's time on the local output
 -X, --request COMMAND  Specify request command to use
     --resolve HOST:PORT:ADDRESS  Force resolve of HOST:PORT to ADDRESS
     --retry NUM   Retry request NUM times if transient problems occur
     --retry-delay SECONDS When retrying, wait this many seconds between each
     --retry-max-time SECONDS  Retry only within this period
 -S, --show-error    Show error. With -s, make curl show errors when they occur
 -s, --silent        Silent mode. Don't output anything
     --socks4 HOST[:PORT]  SOCKS4 proxy on given host + port
     --socks4a HOST[:PORT]  SOCKS4a proxy on given host + port
     --socks5 HOST[:PORT]  SOCKS5 proxy on given host + port
     --socks5-basic  Enable username/password auth for SOCKS5 proxies
     --socks5-gssapi Enable GSS-API auth for SOCKS5 proxies
     --socks5-hostname HOST[:PORT] SOCKS5 proxy, pass host name to proxy
     --socks5-gssapi-service NAME  SOCKS5 proxy service name for gssapi
     --socks5-gssapi-nec  Compatibility with NEC SOCKS5 server
 -Y, --speed-limit RATE  Stop transfers below speed-limit for 'speed-time' secs
 -y, --speed-time SECONDS  Time for trig speed-limit abort. Defaults to 30
     --ssl           Try SSL/TLS (FTP, IMAP, POP3, SMTP)
     --ssl-reqd      Require SSL/TLS (FTP, IMAP, POP3, SMTP)
 -2, --sslv2         Use SSLv2 (SSL)
 -3, --sslv3         Use SSLv3 (SSL)
     --ssl-allow-beast Allow security flaw to improve interop (SSL)
     --stderr FILE   Where to redirect stderr. - means stdout
     --tcp-nodelay   Use the TCP_NODELAY option
 -t, --telnet-option OPT=VAL  Set telnet option
     --tftp-blksize VALUE  Set TFTP BLKSIZE option (must be >512)
 -z, --time-cond TIME  Transfer based on a time condition
 -1, --tlsv1         Use => TLSv1 (SSL)
     --tlsv1.0       Use TLSv1.0 (SSL)
     --tlsv1.1       Use TLSv1.1 (SSL)
     --tlsv1.2       Use TLSv1.2 (SSL)
     --trace FILE    Write a debug trace to the given file
     --trace-ascii FILE  Like --trace but without the hex output
     --trace-time    Add time stamps to trace/verbose output
     --tr-encoding   Request compressed transfer encoding (H)
 -T, --upload-file FILE  Transfer FILE to destination
     --url URL       URL to work with
 -B, --use-ascii     Use ASCII/text transfer
 -u, --user USER[:PASSWORD]  Server user and password
     --tlsuser USER  TLS username
     --tlspassword STRING TLS password
     --tlsauthtype STRING  TLS authentication type (default SRP)
     --unix-socket FILE    Connect through this UNIX domain socket
 -A, --user-agent STRING  User-Agent to send to server (H)
 -v, --verbose       Make the operation more talkative
 -V, --version       Show version number and quit
 -w, --write-out FORMAT  What to output after completion
     --xattr        Store metadata in extended file attributes
 -q                 If used as the first parameter disables .curlrc
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# re
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl --help

 

四.elinks工具

1>.安装elinks工具

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install elinks
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel/x86_64/metalink                                                                                                  | 8.6 kB  00:00:00     
 * base: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
 * epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
 * updates: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
base                                                                                                                  | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
epel                                                                                                                  | 5.3 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                                                | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                                                               | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
(1/2): epel/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                         | 6.9 MB  00:00:02     
(2/2): epel/x86_64/updateinfo                                                                                         | 1.0 MB  00:00:05     
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package elinks.x86_64 0:0.12-0.37.pre6.el7.0.1 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libnss_compat_ossl.so.0()(64bit) for package: elinks-0.12-0.37.pre6.el7.0.1.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmozjs185.so.1.0()(64bit) for package: elinks-0.12-0.37.pre6.el7.0.1.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package js.x86_64 1:1.8.5-20.el7 will be installed
---> Package nss_compat_ossl.x86_64 0:0.9.6-8.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=============================================================================================================================================
 Package                             Arch                       Version                                       Repository                Size
=============================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 elinks                              x86_64                     0.12-0.37.pre6.el7.0.1                        base                     882 k
Installing for dependencies:
 js                                  x86_64                     1:1.8.5-20.el7                                base                     2.3 M
 nss_compat_ossl                     x86_64                     0.9.6-8.el7                                   base                      37 k

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package (+2 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 3.2 M
Installed size: 9.6 M
Downloading packages:
(1/3): elinks-0.12-0.37.pre6.el7.0.1.x86_64.rpm                                                                       | 882 kB  00:00:00     
(2/3): js-1.8.5-20.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                     | 2.3 MB  00:00:00     
(3/3): nss_compat_ossl-0.9.6-8.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                         |  37 kB  00:00:00     
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                                                        5.4 MB/s | 3.2 MB  00:00:00     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : nss_compat_ossl-0.9.6-8.el7.x86_64                                                                                        1/3 
  Installing : 1:js-1.8.5-20.el7.x86_64                                                                                                  2/3 
  Installing : elinks-0.12-0.37.pre6.el7.0.1.x86_64                                                                                      3/3 
  Verifying  : elinks-0.12-0.37.pre6.el7.0.1.x86_64                                                                                      1/3 
  Verifying  : 1:js-1.8.5-20.el7.x86_64                                                                                                  2/3 
  Verifying  : nss_compat_ossl-0.9.6-8.el7.x86_64                                                                                        3/3 

Installed:
  elinks.x86_64 0:0.12-0.37.pre6.el7.0.1                                                                                                     

Dependency Installed:
  js.x86_64 1:1.8.5-20.el7                                        nss_compat_ossl.x86_64 0:0.9.6-8.el7                                       

Complete!
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install elinks

2>.使用elinks访问网页

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# elinks http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn          #执行该命令后会弹出一个字符界面的对话框。

3>.使用"-source"选项

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# elinks -source http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn        #可以打印网页源码
<h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1>
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 

4>.使用"-dump:"选项案例  

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# elinks -dump http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn          #非交互式模式,将URL的内容输出至标准输出
                                 尹正杰到此一游
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 

 

posted @ 2017-10-23 23:22  尹正杰  阅读(70153)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报