using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data.SqlClient;

namespace winform1
{
    public partial class Form3 : Form
    {
        public Form3()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private SqlConnection cn;
        private SqlCommandBuilder builder;
        private SqlDataAdapter da;
        private DataSet ds;

        //查找事件,点击页面“查找”，
        private void butSearch_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            cn = new  SqlConnection("server=.;database=test;uid=sa;pwd=123");
            cn.Open();
            ds = new DataSet();
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("select * from Test", cn);
            da = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd);
            //添加必要的列和主键信息以守成架构
            da.MissingSchemaAction = MissingSchemaAction.AddWithKey;
            builder = new SqlCommandBuilder(da);
            da.Fill(ds, "Test");//表名一定不能少哦。。。
            this.dataGridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[0].DefaultView;
        }

        //更新事件
        private void butUpdate_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            int row = da.Update(ds, "Test");
            MessageBox.Show("更新完成" + row + builder.GetUpdateCommand().CommandText);
        }

        //插入新记录事件
        private void btnInsert_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            DataRow findRow = ds.Tables[0].Rows.Find("1111");//获取包含指定主键值的行
            if (findRow != null)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("已有这个记录");
                return;
            }
            DataRow dr = this.ds.Tables[0].NewRow();
            dr["StuId"] = this.texStuId.Text;
            dr["StuName"] = this.texStuName.Text;
            dr["StuScore    "] = "100";
            this.ds.Tables[0].Rows.Add(dr);
            int row = da.Update(ds, "Test");
            MessageBox.Show("添加完成" + row + builder.GetInsertCommand().CommandText);
        }

        //删除选中记录
        private void btnDelete_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            ds.Tables[0].Rows[this.dataGridView1.CurrentRow.Index].Delete();
            int row = da.Update(ds, "Test");
            MessageBox.Show("删除完成" + row + builder.GetDeleteCommand().CommandText);
        }

        //查询事件
        private void btnSearch_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("select * from Test where StuId=@StuId", cn);
            cmd.Parameters.Add("@StuId", SqlDbType.Char, 8);
            cmd.Parameters["@StuId"].Value = this.texId.Text;
            da = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd);
            ds.Clear();
            da.Fill(ds, "Test");
            this.dataGridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[0].DefaultView;
        }
    }
}

PS；还一种更新数据方法，但些方法显得很原始但也可以作为一种思路，希望对大家有用：
        //遍历dataGridView所有数据行并修改
    string update_SQL="";
   for(int i=0;i<=dataGridVivew1.VisibleRowCount-2;i++)
   {
    update_SQL="update Client_Manage set Client_Name=''''"+dataGridView1[i,1].ToString()+"'''',Client_Phone=''''"+dataGridView1[i,2].ToString()+"'''',Client_Address=''''"+dataGridView1[i,3].ToString()+"'''' where Client_ID="+dataGridView1[i,0].ToString();
    comm_update.CommandText=update_SQL;
    comm_update.ExecuteNonQuery();
   }