基于NBear的快速开发解决方案
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简介
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NBear是一个.Net 2.0下的快速开发框架。它提供了包括可视化实体设计、代码生成、持久化、SOA、MVP等一系列组件。
NBear的设计目标是尽最大可能减少程序员的重复劳动、提高开发效率、提升代码的可维护性和整体质量。
官方网站：http://nbear.org
中文教程目录索引：http://www.cnblogs.com/teddyma/archive/2006/11/07/553562.html
示例程序：从官方网站下载NBearVXXX_tutorials.zip，解压后见tutorials目录。
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核心组件
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NBear.Data - 强类型ORM持久化组件
NBear.IoC - IoC及分布式组件
NBear.MVP - MVP模式组件
NBear.Web - Web组件
NBear.Web.Data - 包括NBearDataSource等封装了NBear.Data持久化功能的Web组件
NBear.Tools - 各种Db2EntityDesign、EntityDesign2Entity、VsPlugin等代码生成工具和IDE集成工具
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使用NBear.Data持久化组件的典型开发流程
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关于持久化组件实际使用更具体介绍，请参见：tutorials\ORM_Tutorial,ORM_Adv_Tutorial,CaseByCase_Tutorial和StrongTypeQuery_Tutorial等教程。
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NBear.Data.Gateway强类型查询简介
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NBear的持久化组件提供类似Linq的强类型查询语法，支持主外键关联、继承关联、多对多关联、级联更新、联结、分组、分页查询等，
对应90%以上的常用SQL查询语法。并提供对内存数组的强类型查询过滤、查询缓存、对自定义SQL和存储过程的强类型查询封装等功能。
下面是一些典型的强类型查询语法及对应的运行时的SQL：
//带查询条件的简单查询
Product[] products = gateway.From<Product>().Where((Product._.UnitsInStock <= Product._.ReorderLevel && !(Product._.Discontinued == true)) || Product._.UnitPrice < 10m).ToArray<Product>;
SQL:
SELECT [Products].[ProductID],[Products].[ProductName],[Products].[SupplierID],[Products].[CategoryID],[Products].[QuantityPerUnit],[Products].[UnitPrice],[Products].[UnitsInStock],[Products].[UnitsOnOrder],[Products].[ReorderLevel],[Products].[Discontinued] FROM [Products] WHERE ((([Products].[UnitsInStock] <= [Products].[ReorderLevel]) AND NOT (([Products].[Discontinued] = @p3bue3xtylvv4kh))) OR ([Products].[UnitPrice] < @p09bi3366a4l612))
Parameters:
@p3bue3xtylvv4kh[Boolean] = 1
@p09bi3366a4l612[Decimal] = 10
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//不带条件的分页查询
OrderDetailsExtended[] orders = gateway.From<OrderDetailsExtended>().ToArrayList<OrderDetailsExtended>(10, 10).ToArray();
SQL:
SELECT TOP 10 [Order Details Extended].[OrderID],[Order Details Extended].[ProductID],[Order Details Extended].[ProductName],[Order Details Extended].[UnitPrice],[Order Details Extended].[Quantity],[Order Details Extended].[Discount],[Order Details Extended].[ExtendedPrice] FROM [Order Details Extended] WHERE [Order Details Extended].[OrderID]>(SELECT MAX([__T].[OrderID]) FROM (SELECT TOP 10 [Order Details Extended].[OrderID] AS [OrderID] FROM [Order Details Extended] ORDER BY [Order Details Extended].[OrderID]) [__T]) ORDER BY [Order Details Extended].[OrderID]
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//对查询结果在内存中二次过滤
EntityArrayList<Employee> employeeList2 = gateway.From<Employee>().ToArrayList<Employee>();
SQL:
SELECT [Employees].[EmployeeID],[Employees].[LastName],[Employees].[FirstName],[Employees].[Title],[Employees].[TitleOfCourtesy],[Employees].[BirthDate],[Employees].[HireDate],[Employees].[Address],[Employees].[City],[Employees].[Region],[Employees].[PostalCode],[Employees].[Country],[Employees].[HomePhone],[Employees].[Extension],[Employees].[Photo],[Employees].[Notes],[Employees].[ReportsTo],[Employees].[PhotoPath] FROM [Employees]
//内存中查询过滤
Employee[] filterredEmps = employeeList2.Filter(Employee._.HireDate >= new DateTime(1994, 1, 1), Employee._.City.Asc && Employee._.EmployeeID.Desc);
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//分组和统计
CustOrderHistResult firstCountProductGroupByNameDesc = gateway.From<Product>().GroupBy(Product._.ProductName.GroupBy).OrderBy(Product._.ProductName.Desc).Select(Product._.ProductName, Product._.ProductID.Count()).ToFirst<CustOrderHistResult>();
SQL:
SELECT [Products].[ProductName],COUNT([Products].[ProductID]) FROM [Products] GROUP BY [Products].[ProductName] ORDER BY [Products].[ProductName] DESC
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//聚合和查询函数
int maxProductUnit = Convert.ToInt32(gateway.From<Product>().Where(Product._.Discontinued == true).Select(Product._.ProductID.Max()).ToScalar());
SQL:
Text SELECT MAX([Products].[ProductID]) FROM [Products] WHERE ([Products].[Discontinued] = @p2qrwxrrwspri4h)
Parameters:
@p2qrwxrrwspri4h[Boolean] = 1
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//查询中使用字符串函数
Category[] testStringFunctionsCats = gateway.From<Category>().Where(Category._.CategoryName.Contains("a") && Category._.CategoryName.Length > 2).ToArray<Category>();
SQL:
SELECT [Categories].[CategoryID],[Categories].[CategoryName],[Categories].[Description],[Categories].[Picture] FROM [Categories] WHERE (([Categories].[CategoryName] LIKE @pvvkhm25okrj9g8) AND (LEN([Categories].[CategoryName]) > @p1m9ulgpjn1llb4))
Parameters:
@pvvkhm25okrj9g8[String] = %a%
@p1m9ulgpjn1llb4[Int32] = 2
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//查询中使用日期函数
DataSet testDateFunctionsDs = gateway.From<Employee>().Where(Employee._.HireDate.GetYear() == 1999 && Employee._.HireDate > PropertyItem.GetCurrentDate() - new TimeSpan(1000, 0, 0, 0)).ToDataSet();
SQL:
SELECT [Employees].[EmployeeID],[Employees].[LastName],[Employees].[FirstName],[Employees].[Title],[Employees].[TitleOfCourtesy],[Employees].[BirthDate],[Employees].[HireDate],[Employees].[Address],[Employees].[City],[Employees].[Region],[Employees].[PostalCode],[Employees].[Country],[Employees].[HomePhone],[Employees].[Extension],[Employees].[Photo],[Employees].[Notes],[Employees].[ReportsTo],[Employees].[PhotoPath] FROM [Employees] WHERE ((DATEPART(Year,[Employees].[HireDate]) = @pqr32n34ruererb) AND ([Employees].[HireDate] > GETDATE() - @p71cpbjv7gwwmqb))
Parameters:
@pqr32n34ruererb[Int32] = 1999
@p71cpbjv7gwwmqb[DateTime] = 1902-9-28 0:00:00
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//透明的关联条件查询
Product[] testImplicitJoinsOfProducts = gateway.From<Product>().Where(Product._.Category.CategoryName.ToUpper() == "TEST" && Product._.Supplier.Country.ToLower() == "china").ToArray<Product>();
SQL:
SELECT [Products].[ProductID],[Products].[ProductName],[Products].[SupplierID],[Products].[CategoryID],[Products].[QuantityPerUnit],[Products].[UnitPrice],[Products].[UnitsInStock],[Products].[UnitsOnOrder],[Products].[ReorderLevel],[Products].[Discontinued] FROM ([Products] INNER JOIN [Categories] [Products_Category_Categories] ON [Products_Category_Categories].[CategoryID] = [Products].[CategoryID]) INNER JOIN [Suppliers] [Products_Supplier_Suppliers] ON [Products_Supplier_Suppliers].[SupplierID] = [Products].[SupplierID] WHERE ((UPPER([Products_Category_Categories].[CategoryName]) = @p8jv2o2wsphje48) AND (LOWER([Products_Supplier_Suppliers].[Country]) = @pqt37nednnvar7k))
Parameters:
@p8jv2o2wsphje48[String] = TEST
@pqt37nednnvar7k[String] = china
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//透明的自关联查询
Employee[] testImplicitJoinsOfEmps = gateway.From<Employee>().Where(Employee._.ReportsToEmployee.FirstName == "teddy").ToArray<Employee>();
SQL:
SELECT [Employees].[EmployeeID],[Employees].[LastName],[Employees].[FirstName],[Employees].[Title],[Employees].[TitleOfCourtesy],[Employees].[BirthDate],[Employees].[HireDate],[Employees].[Address],[Employees].[City],[Employees].[Region],[Employees].[PostalCode],[Employees].[Country],[Employees].[HomePhone],[Employees].[Extension],[Employees].[Photo],[Employees].[Notes],[Employees].[ReportsTo],[Employees].[PhotoPath] FROM [Employees] INNER JOIN [Employees] [Employees_ReportsToEmployee_Employees] ON [Employees_ReportsToEmployee_Employees].[EmployeeID] = [Employees].[ReportsTo] WHERE ([Employees_ReportsToEmployee_Employees].[FirstName] = @pa552arjaiqopdc)
Parameters:
@pa552arjaiqopdc[String] = teddy
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//显式的自定义join查询
Product[] testExplicitJoinsOfProducts = gateway.From<Product>().Join<Category>(Product._.CategoryID == Category._.CategoryID).Where(Category._.CategoryName.ToUpper() == "TEST").ToArray<Product>();
SQL:
SELECT [Products].[ProductID],[Products].[ProductName],[Products].[SupplierID],[Products].[CategoryID],[Products].[QuantityPerUnit],[Products].[UnitPrice],[Products].[UnitsInStock],[Products].[UnitsOnOrder],[Products].[ReorderLevel],[Products].[Discontinued] FROM [Products] INNER JOIN [Categories] ON ([Products].[CategoryID] = [Categories].[CategoryID]) WHERE (UPPER([Categories].[CategoryName]) = @pau7vfnemtpxcwj)
Parameters:
@pau7vfnemtpxcwj[String] = TEST
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//带参数的自定义SQL查询
Category[] cats = gateway.FromCustomSql("select [CategoryID], [CategoryName], [Description], [Picture] from [Categories] where [CategoryID] > @p1 and [CategoryID] < @p2").AddInputParameter("p1", DbType.Int32, 100).AddInputParameter("p2", DbType.Int32, 2000).ToDataSet();
SQL:
select [CategoryID], [CategoryName], [Description], [Picture] from [Categories] where [CategoryID] > @p1 and [CategoryID] < @p2
Parameters:
@p1[Int32] = 100
@p2[Int32] = 2000
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//调用存储过程
DataSet dsCustHits = gateway.FromStoredProcedure("CustOrderHist").AddInputParameter("CustomerID", DbType.String, "ALFKI").ToDataSet();
SQL:
CustOrderHist
Parameters:
@CustomerID[String] = ALFKI
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NBearDataSource控件简介
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NBearDataSource控件位于NBear.Web.Data.dll中，该控件是对NBear.Data的Web控件封装，可以像使用SqlDataSource那样使用它来方便绑定asp.net的数据绑定控件。
具体用法请参见：tutorials\NBearDataSourceSample教程。
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NBear.Data.Gateway强类型查询性能分析
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NBear.Data和ADO.NET及NHibernate的简单查询的性能分析可以参见：http://nbear.org/Modules/Articles/Detail.aspx?i=33
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NBear.IoC组件简介
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NBear.IoC组件提供了依赖注入的Service容器和分布式Service工厂等组件，能够实现透明的分布式服务部署。举例来说，只要你的Service以下面的形式定义：
[ServiceContract]
public interface MyService
{
//...
}
则编译后的服务的dll，无须重新编译，只需要修改几行配置文件，就可以轻松部署为单机模式或多服务器负载均衡模式运行。NBear.IoC组件可以直接兼容WCF中的Service。
具体的使用NBear.IoC组件的示例可以参见：tutorials\IoC_Tutorial和IoC_Adv_Tutorial教程。
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NBear.MVP组件简介
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NBear.MVP组件基于NBear.IoC组件，提供了对MVP模式的方便支持。结合NBear.IoC组件，使得MVP中的Model也就是Service部分可以透明的分布式部署。
具体的使用示例，请参见：tutorials\MVP_Tutorial教程。
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NBear.Web组件简介
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NBear.Web组件提供了一组Page/MasterPage/UserControl扩展基类。您将看到，使用这些基类能大大提高ASP.NET 2.0网页开发速度，轻松获得Ajax和多语言支持等功能。
更具体的使用示例请参见：tutorials\Web_Tutorial教程。
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更多资源
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更多关于NBear的开发资源请访问项目官方网站：http://nbear.org和博客园：http://www.cnblogs.com
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致谢
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感谢博客园和dudu对NBear项目的大力支持，并为NBear项目提供官方网站、FTP、SVN等的服务器支持，并由dudu牵线成立了目前的博客园NB团队，共同开发和维护NBear项目。
感谢所有在NBear的成长过程中参与测试和提出各种建议和意见的朋友。
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后记
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NBear还是一个起步时间不长，不断完善中的项目，有任何使用中的问题欢迎及时反馈，我们会尽快解决。希望更多朋友来关注和使用NBear。