正式英语

在《正式英语和非正式英语》中简单粗略的介绍了一下正式英语和非正式英语的不同。

formal english力求不借助其它非语言表达方式如面部表情、手势等来准确地表达思想。

本文我会详细剖析一下正式英语的一些细节。

1,Longer

formal english都是些more complex sentences. 比如：

Research has shown that learning a second language, in addition to（ 除了） leading to expanded career and social opportunities, can also expand the reasoning capability of the brain（大脑推理能力）, although this finding is disputed（有争议的） by some scientists.

用informal 的说法如下，句子更短，更简单，谁都能看懂。

Learning another language can improve your career and social life. Some people also say it can make you smarter, but others disagree.

2,Larger and less common words

The economy is currently quite robust(强健的); nevertheless（然而）, some specialists predict an imminent（即将来临的） recession（衰退）.

informal的口语化的说法就是

The economy is very strong right now,but some specialists say we'll have a recession soon.

现在说一下，单个单词的情况，一般长单词是更formal的，短单词更口语化，比如：

help -> assistant

buy -> purchase

need -> require

get -> obtain

next/later -> subsequently

also/plus -> moreover

whole -> entire

enough -> sufficient

3,avoid phrasal verbs

之前的《正式英语和非正式英语》中列举了一些informal的短语到formal的单词的对比，很好理解。

要求 ask for -> request

建立 set up -> establish

发现 find out -> discover

处理 deal with -> handle

欺骗 take in -> deceive

调查 check up on -> investigated

容忍 put up with -> tolerated

理解 catch on -> understand

弥补 make up for -> compensated

发烧  go down with -> contracted

上升 go up -> contracted/rise/increased

回来 come back -> return

减少 cut down -> reduce

4,avoid contractions 缩写

把 hasn't/They're/He's/We'd之类的缩写变成不缩写的形式 has not/They are/He is/We would.

Tips:

名次所有格是可以用在formal english中的.

比如The company's employees...

相信大家都能区分什么是possessive,什么是contraction.

怕出错你可以说成The employees of the company.

但是很多个of the连用也会很奇怪，比如要说“客户合同里的条款”，the terms of the contract of the client.讲起来很怪的，可以说成the terms of the client's contract.

5,No idioms,slang ,text speak聊天语言

我想先说一点，英语中idoms和slang是不一样的。idoms是成语，惯用语，slang是俚语，行业用语，黑话。slang比idoms更informal.

正式场合你不能说：The software is a piece of cake.这样说就太随意了，让别人觉得不尊重。你可以说The software is quite user-friendly. The software is extremely easy to use.

正式场合你想说盈利一百万美元，不能说A million bucks in profit,而要把bucks换成dollars.

正式场合绝对不能有这种网络用语出来：Tks & we look 4word 2 meeting u.

得正经点说Thanks, and we look forward to meeting you.

其实国内也是这样的，写作文，毕业论文之类的你不能说“酱紫”，“因吹丝挺”。

还有一点说英语中正式场合不要用缩写。比如

The info was incomplete.

The results have arrived from the lab.

fruits and veggies.

得把这些单词写全：

The information was incomplete.

The results have arrived from the laboratory.

fruits and vegetables.

 

本文作者starof,因知识本身在变化，作者也在不断学习成长，文章内容也不定时更新，为避免误导读者，方便追根溯源，请诸位转载注明出处：http://www.cnblogs.com/starof/p/7508277.html有问题欢迎与我讨论，共同进步。