开源数据库PostgreSQL发布了v9.2版

PostgreSQL是一种著名的开源数据库。最近PostgreSQL全球开发小组发布了最新的9.2版本，对性能做出了极大提升，并增加了对JSON的内建支持。

早在今年五月份发布beta版的时候，该小组的首席数据工程师Ines Sombra就做出承诺：

PostgreSQL 9.2会带有本地的JSON支持，新特性涉及到索引、复制和性能提升等多方面。

PostgreSQL 9.2支持水平扩展到64个核心，能够进行仅对索引（index-only）的扫描，并降低对CPU电力的消耗，从而显著改善了大多数工作负载下的可伸缩性和开发者的灵活性；在垂直可伸缩性方面的改善让PostgreSQL可以更有效地应用大型服务器上的硬件资源，在锁管理、写入效率、仅对索引的访问以及其他低级别的操作让数据库引擎能够处理更大量的工作负载。

这些性能上的改善体现在数字上意味着：

• 每秒最多350,000次读取查询（快了4倍多）
• 针对数据仓库查询的仅对索引的扫描（快了2-20倍）
• 每秒最多14,000次数据写入

另外，PostgreSQL 9.2还让开发的灵活性做出了更进一步的支持，它包含了对Range类型和JSON的支持，让开发者能够以完全不同的方式来使用PostgreSQL。

Range类型让开发者可以创建更好的与日历相关、科学和财务的应用程序。还没有其他主流数据库支持这种特性；在PostgreSQL中，查询结果能够以JSON数据类型的格式返回。用户可以把这种技术和PL/V8 Javascript和PL/Coffee数据库编程扩展以及可选的HStore key-value数据库组合在一起，把它作为“NoSQL”文档数据库来使用，同时还保留了PostgreSQL的可靠性、灵活性和性能上的优势。

 

The PostgreSQL Global Development Group announces PostgreSQL 9.2, the latest release of the leader in open source databases. Since the beta release was announced in May, developers and vendors have praised it as a leap forward in performance, scalability and flexibility. Users are expected to switch to this version in record numbers.

“PostgreSQL 9.2 will ship with native JSON support, covering indexes, replication and performance improvements, and many more features. We are eagerly awaiting this release and will make it available in Early Access as soon as it’s released by the PostgreSQL community,” said Ines Sombra, Lead Data Engineer, Engine Yard.

Links

• Downloads, including packages and installers
• Release Notes
• Documentation
• What’s New in 9.2
• Press Kit

Improved Performance and Scalability

With the addition of linear scalability to 64 cores, index-only scans and reductions in CPU power consumption, PostgreSQL 9.2 has significantly improved scalability and developer flexibility for the most demanding workloads. Organizations like the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration and Heroku.com run applications on PostgreSQL, and HP has adopted it for their remote support software and to power their HP-UX/Itanium solutions.

Improvements in vertical scalability increase PostgreSQL’s ability to efficiently utilize hardware resources on larger servers. Advances in lock management, write efficiency, index-only access and other low-level operations allow the database engine to handle even larger-volume workloads.

Numerically, this means:

• Up to 350,000 read queries per second (more than 4X faster)
• Index-only scans for data warehousing queries (2–20X faster)
• Up to 14,000 data writes per second (5X faster)

Also, the addition of cascading replication enables users to run even larger stacks of horizontally scaled servers under PostgreSQL 9.2.

“NewsBlur, a social news reader, relies on Postgres for storing millions of sites and subscriptions. Solid and reliable for years,” said Samuel Clay, founder of newsblur.com. “We’re consistently on the bleeding edge (9.1 now, moving to 9.2 soon for the cascading replication alone) and it’s been a pleasure since 8.4.”

Flexible Developer Support

The flexibility of PostgreSQL is reflected in the diversity of organisations that have adopted it. For example NASA, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange and Instagram all rely on it to perform mission-critical applications. Version 9.2 extends this flexibility even further by including support for Range Types and JSON, allowing developers to use PostgreSQL in completely new ways.

Range Types allow developers to create better calendaring, scientific, and financial applications. No other major SQL database supports this feature, which enables intelligent handling of blocks of time and numbers.

With PostgreSQL 9.2, query results can be returned as JSON data types. Combined with the new PL/V8 Javascript and PL/Coffee database programming extensions, and the optional HStore key-value store, users can now utilize PostgreSQL like a “NoSQL” document database, while retaining PostgreSQL’s reliability, flexibility and performance.

“Native JSON support in PostgresSQL provides an efficient mechanism for creating and storing documents for web APIs. We use front-end libraries like jQuery to request tabular and tree-structured data; and the new features make it convenient and provide performance advantages in retrieving that data as JSON, ” said Taras Mitran, Senior Architect, IVC Inc.

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PostgreSQL 9.2业已发布