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MySQL 查看用户授予的权限

2017-08-24 16:40  潇湘隐者  阅读(43569)  评论(4)  编辑  收藏  举报

 

在MySQL中，如何查看一个用户被授予了那些权限呢？ 授予用户的权限可能分全局层级权限、数据库层级权限、表层级别权限、列层级别权限、子程序层级权限。具体分类如下：

 

 

全局层级

 

全局权限适用于一个给定服务器中的所有数据库。这些权限存储在mysql.user表中。GRANT ALL ON *.*和REVOKE ALL ON *.*只授予和撤销全局权限。

 

数据库层级

 

数据库权限适用于一个给定数据库中的所有目标。这些权限存储在mysql.db和mysql.host表中。GRANT ALL ON db_name.*和REVOKE ALL ON db_name.*只授予和撤销数据库权限。

    

表层级

 

表权限适用于一个给定表中的所有列。这些权限存储在mysql.tables_priv表中。GRANT ALL ON db_name.tbl_name和REVOKE ALL ON db_name.tbl_name只授予和撤销表权限。

 

列层级

 

列权限适用于一个给定表中的单一列。这些权限存储在mysql.columns_priv表中。当使用REVOKE时，您必须指定与被授权列相同的列。

 

子程序层级

 

CREATE ROUTINE, ALTER ROUTINE, EXECUTE和GRANT权限适用于已存储的子程序。这些权限可以被授予为全局层级和数据库层级。而且，除了CREATE ROUTINE外，这些权限可以被授予为子程序层级，并存储在mysql.procs_priv表中。

 

 

 

1：那么我们来创建一个测试账号test，授予全局层级的权限。如下所示： 

 

mysql> grant select,insert on *.* to test@'%' identified by 'test';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql>

 

 

那么可以用下面两种方式查询授予test的权限。如下所示：

 

 

mysql> show grants for test;
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for test@%                                                                                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON *.* TO 'test'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*94BDCEBE19083CE2A1F959FD02F964C7AF4CFC29' |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> select * from mysql.user where user='test'\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
                  Host: %
                  User: test
              Password: *94BDCEBE19083CE2A1F959FD02F964C7AF4CFC29
           Select_priv: Y
           Insert_priv: Y
           Update_priv: N
           Delete_priv: N
           Create_priv: N
             Drop_priv: N
           Reload_priv: N
         Shutdown_priv: N
          Process_priv: N
             File_priv: N
            Grant_priv: N
       References_priv: N
            Index_priv: N
            Alter_priv: N
          Show_db_priv: N
            Super_priv: N
 Create_tmp_table_priv: N
      Lock_tables_priv: N
          Execute_priv: N
       Repl_slave_priv: N
      Repl_client_priv: N
      Create_view_priv: N
        Show_view_priv: N
   Create_routine_priv: N
    Alter_routine_priv: N
      Create_user_priv: N
            Event_priv: N
          Trigger_priv: N
Create_tablespace_priv: N
              ssl_type: 
            ssl_cipher: 
           x509_issuer: 
          x509_subject: 
         max_questions: 0
           max_updates: 0
       max_connections: 0
  max_user_connections: 0
                plugin: mysql_native_password
 authentication_string: 
      password_expired: N
1 row in set (0.04 sec)
 
ERROR: 
No query specified
 
mysql>

 

clip_image001

 

 

 

 

2：那么我们来创建一个测试账号test，授予数据库层级的权限。如下所示：

 

mysql> drop user test;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> grant select,insert,update,delete on MyDB.* to test@'%' identified by 'test';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> 
 
mysql> select * from mysql.user where user='test'\G; --可以看到无任何授权。
mysql> select * from mysql.db where user='test'\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
                 Host: %
                   Db: MyDB
                 User: test
          Select_priv: Y
          Insert_priv: Y
          Update_priv: Y
          Delete_priv: Y
          Create_priv: N
            Drop_priv: N
           Grant_priv: N
      References_priv: N
           Index_priv: N
           Alter_priv: N
Create_tmp_table_priv: N
     Lock_tables_priv: N
     Create_view_priv: N
       Show_view_priv: N
  Create_routine_priv: N
   Alter_routine_priv: N
         Execute_priv: N
           Event_priv: N
         Trigger_priv: N
1 row in set (0.04 sec)
 
ERROR: 
No query specified
 
mysql> 
mysql> show grants for test;
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for test@%                                                                                   |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'test'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*94BDCEBE19083CE2A1F959FD02F964C7AF4CFC29' |
| GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `MyDB`.* TO 'test'@'%'                                      |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql>

 

 

 

3：那么我们来创建一个测试账号test，授予表层级的权限。如下所示：

 

 

mysql> drop user test;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> grant all on MyDB.kkk to test@'%' identified by 'test';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> 
 
mysql> show grants for test;
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for test@%                                                                                   |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'test'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*94BDCEBE19083CE2A1F959FD02F964C7AF4CFC29' |
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `MyDB`.`kkk` TO 'test'@'%'                                                  |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> select * from mysql.tables_priv\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Host: %
         Db: MyDB
       User: test
 Table_name: kkk
    Grantor: root@localhost
  Timestamp: 0000-00-00 00:00:00
 Table_priv: Select,Insert,Update,Delete,Create,Drop,References,Index,Alter,Create View,Show view,Trigger
Column_priv: 
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
 
ERROR: 
No query specified
 
mysql>

 

 

clip_image002

 

 

 

4：那么我们来创建一个测试账号test，授予列层级的权限。如下所示：

 

mysql> drop user test;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> grant select (id, col1) on MyDB.TEST1 to test@'%' identified by 'test';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> 
 
 
mysql> select * from mysql.columns_priv;
+------+------+------+------------+-------------+---------------------+-------------+
| Host | Db   | User | Table_name | Column_name | Timestamp           | Column_priv |
+------+------+------+------------+-------------+---------------------+-------------+
| %    | MyDB | test | TEST1      | id          | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | Select      |
| %    | MyDB | test | TEST1      | col1        | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | Select      |
+------+------+------+------------+-------------+---------------------+-------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> show grants for test;
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for test@%                                                                                   |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'test'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*94BDCEBE19083CE2A1F959FD02F964C7AF4CFC29' |
| GRANT SELECT (id, col1) ON `MyDB`.`TEST1` TO 'test'@'%'                                             |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql>

clip_image003

 

 

5：那么我们来创建一个测试账号test，授子程序层级的权限。如下所示：

 

 

mysql> DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS PRC_TEST;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> DELIMITER //
mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE PRC_TEST()
    -> BEGIN
    ->    SELECT * FROM kkk;
    -> END //
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> DELIMITER ;
 
mysql> grant execute on procedure MyDB.PRC_TEST to test@'%' identified by 'test';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> 
 
 
mysql> show grants for test;
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for test@%                                                                                   |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'test'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*94BDCEBE19083CE2A1F959FD02F964C7AF4CFC29' |
| GRANT EXECUTE ON PROCEDURE `MyDB`.`prc_test` TO 'test'@'%'                                          |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> select * from mysql.procs_priv where User='test';
+------+------+------+--------------+--------------+----------------+-----------+---------------------+
| Host | Db   | User | Routine_name | Routine_type | Grantor        | Proc_priv | Timestamp           |
+------+------+------+--------------+--------------+----------------+-----------+---------------------+
| %    | MyDB | test | PRC_TEST     | PROCEDURE    | root@localhost | Execute   | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
+------+------+------+--------------+--------------+----------------+-----------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql>

 

 

clip_image004

 

 

所以，如果需要查看用户被授予的权限，就需要从这五个层级来查看被授予的权限。从上到下或从小到上，逐一检查各个层级被授予的权限。