英文文法学习笔记（7）比较
2021-10-03 23:11 AlfredZhao 阅读(603) 评论(0) 编辑 收藏 举报本篇为第7篇笔记：比较。
一、经典例句
1.1 比较变化
1. Rome is farther from London than Paris is.
2. Did you get further information?
3. He got up later than usual.
4. The latter part of the story was not interesting.
5. This is the latest news from America.
6. This is his last work.
7. He is older than I.
8. My elder brother is in Taipei.
1.2 原级
9. Sports are as important as studies.
10. He is as nice a person as his father.
11. He does not work so hard as his brother.
=> He does not work as hard as his brother.
=> He does not work as hard as his brother does.
12. This Japanese-video game is not as expensive as Taiwanese-one.
=> This Japanese-video game is not so expensive as Taiwanese-one.
13. She has as many dresses as her sister.
=> She has as many dresses as her sister does.
14. I don't know as many people as she.
=> I don't know as many people as she does.
15. The bridge is twice as long as that one.
16. That bridge is one-second as long as this one.
17. Imported books cost three times as much as Taiwanese books.
18. Taiwannese books cost one-third as much as imported books.
19. This box is one quarter as large as that one.
=> This box is one quarter the size of that one.
20. Call the police as soon as possible.
=> Call the police as soon as you can.
21. I told him to come home as early as possible.
=> I told him to come home as early as he could.
22. It was not so much a crime as a mistake.
=> It was rather a mistake than a crime.
=> It was a mistake rather than a crime.
23. The old man didn't so much as apologize to me.
24. He left me without so much as saying thank.
25. She looks as happy as ever.
26. He is as great an artist as ever lived.
27. He is as hardworking as any in the village.
=> He is as hardworking as any person in the village.
28. As many as 50 thousand birds spend the winter here.
29. I paid as much as 200 dollars for this sweater.
30. Radio broadcasting started as early as 1920.
31. He goes to movies as often as three times a month.
32. I found six mistakes in as many lines.
33. The tour group visited five cities in as many days.
34. This house is a great buy, it's as good as new.
35. This car is as good as a piece of junk.
1.3 比较级
36. Dogs are cleverer than cats.
37. She can speak English better than I.
=> She can speak English better than I can.
=> She can speak English better than me.
38. This guitar is the better of the two.
39. This guitar is the best of the three.
40. His house is much larger than mine.
41. You will find many more amusements in big cities than in small towns.
42. Going by bus is less expensive than going by taxi.
=> Going by taxi is more expensive than going by bus.
=> Going by bus is not as expensive as going by taxi.
43. Instant noodles are less nutritious than rice.
44. I have to study English harder this year because I am a third year student.
45. Why don't you use a sharper knife?
46. She is more sad than angry.
47. It is more flattery than praise.
48. It's getting darker and darker.
49. Entrance exams are becoming more and more difficult.
50. The older we grow, the weaker our memory becomes.
51. The longer I waited, the less patient I became.
52. The more time you have, the more work you can do.
53. We respect him all the more for his honesty.
=> We respect him all the more because he is honest.
54. She works all the harder because she is a mother.
55. He worked none the harder because he became a father.
56. I don't like mathematics, much less physics.
57. The old man can not even walk, much less run.
58. He is five years older than I.
=> He is five years older than I am.
59. I prefer playing sports to watching them.
60. Our guess was more or less correct.
61. Sooner or later you will find your missing child.
62. I know better than to go sailing without a life jacket.
63. You had better not go.
64. I have no more than 100 dollars.
65. I have not more than 100 dollars.
66. I have no less than 100 dollars.
67. I have not less than 100 dollars.
68. I am no more mad than you are.
69. I am not more mad than you are.
70. I am no less mad than you are.
71. I am not less mad than you are.
1.4 最高级
72. February is the shortest of all the months.
73. He drives most carefully of us all.
=> He drives the most carefully of us all.
74. This is the finest view that I've ever seen.
75. Picasso is one of the most famous painters of 20th century.
76. This is the third most popular song in the hit chart this week.
77. She is much the best singer in the country.
78. This lake is the deepest in Japan.
79. This lake is deepest here.
80. The air in this area is the cleanest in Japan.
81. The air in this area is cleanest when the factories are closed.
82. I feel happiest when I'm with my friend.
83. Bob is the most handsome boy in my class.
84. Bob is more handsome than any other boy in my class.
=> No other boy in my class is more handsome than Bob.
85. No other boy in my class is as handsome as Bob.
86. Even the richest man in the world can't get her heart.
87. Even the most talented in our class wasn't able to answer it.
88. It will take at most three hours to reach our destination.
=> It will take at the most three hours to reach our destination.
=> It will take at best three hours to reach our destination.
=> It will take at the best three hours to reach our destination.
89. The plum blossoms there are now at their best.
90. It will take at least three hours to reach our destination.
=> It will take at the least three hours to reach our destination.
91. Our team will at worst get the third prize.
=> Our team will at the worst get the third prize.
92. I hope you will make the most of your abilities.
93. He made the best of his small income.
二、知识点回顾（对应例句编号）
2.1 比较变化
(1)规则变化
tall taller tallest
young younger youngest
wise wiser wisest
large larger largest
hot hotter hottest
big bigger biggest
busy busier busiest
happy happier happiest
careful more careful most careful
diffcult more difficult most difficult
(2)不规则变化
good better best
well better best
bad worse worst
ill worse worst
many more most
much more most
little less least
🌟重点：两种不同的比较级、最高级
far farther farthest 表距离
far further furthest 表程度
late later latest 表时间
late latter last 表顺序
old older oldest 表年龄
old elder eldest 表长幼
2.2 原级
(1) ... as 原级 as ... 像～一样...
(2) ... not as (->so) 原级 as ... 不像～一样
(3) ... as many/much + 名词 as ... 像...一样多的...
(4) ... times as ... as ... 多...倍
(5) as ~ as possible(->one can) 尽可能的～
重点：as ~ as 的惯用片语 类似汉语中的成语：
as busy as a bee 非常忙碌
as cool as a cucumber 极端冷静
as cunning as a fox 十分狡猾
as dead as a doornail 了无声息
as flat as a pancake 非常平坦
as sweet as honey 非常甜美
as like as two peas 非常相似
🌟重要表现：
(1) not so much ... as ... 与其说～ 不如说～
not so much as / without so much as 连～也没有
(2) as ~ as ever 依旧
(3) as ~ as any + 单数名词 像任何人一样
(4) as many/much as + 数词 多达～
(5) as many/much ... 同数/量的～ 注：数/量 分别对应 可数/不可数
(6) as good as ~ 几乎等于～
2.3 比较级
(1) ~比较级 than ... ～比...更
(2) ~比较级 + of the two 两者中较～
(3) 强调比较级
强调比较级的字有：much、even、far、by far、far and away、a lot、lots、still、a good deal、a great deal、somewhat、rather、a bit、a little bit、a little
(4) ~less 原级 than ~ ～比～较不
(5) 省略than~
🌟重要表现：
(1) more ~ than ... 与其...不如...
注意：这里的形容词不管是单音节还是多音节，都是加more。
(2) 比较级 and 比较级 越来越...
(3) the 比较级 ~ the 比较级 ... 越～就越...
(4) (all) the 比较级 for + 名词 / because ~ 因为～因此便...
(5) much less 更不用说
(6) superior to ~, senior to ~
本身含有比较含义的单字，不可用than改用to，如：
superior、inferior、senior、junior、major、minor、prior、posterior
(7) more or less, sonner or later 多多少少， 迟早
(8) know better than ~, had better ~ 不会傻到～， 最好～
had better + VR
🌟no more than 等表现：
(1)
no more than (-> only) 只有～而已
not more than (-> at most) 顶多～
no less than (-> as much as) 有～之多
not less than (-> at least) 至少
(2)
no more ~ than 和～一样不
not more ~ than 不像～那样...
no less ~ than 与～同样的...
not less ~ than 比～有过之无不及
2.4 最高级
(1) 最高级 + {
in~
of~
that + S + V
}
(2) 强调最高级
强调最高级的字有：very、much、by far、far and away 等。
(3) the 的省略
注意：针对同一人、事、物之性质、状态作比较时，最高级前不加the。而叙述用法的形容词最高级也不加the。
🌟三级互换：
Bob比班上其他男生都帅。
班上没有其他男孩比Bob更帅。
班上没有其他男孩和Bob一样帅。
🌟重要表现：
(1) even + 最高级 甚至连～
(2) at (the) most, at (the) best 顶多
(3) at (the) least, at (the) worst 最少，最差
(4) make the most of 尽全力～ 对有利条件
make the best of 尽全力～ 对不利条件
三、例句中文翻译（参考）
3.1 比较变化
-
从伦敦到罗马比到巴黎远。
-
你有得到更详细的资料吗？
-
他比平常起得晚。
-
这故事的后半段不有趣。
-
这是从美国来的最新消息。
-
这是他最后的工作。
-
他年纪比我大。
-
我哥哥在台北。
3.2 原级
-
运动像课业一样重要。
-
他是像他父亲一样好的人。
-
他不像他哥哥一样努力工作。
-
日本制的电动不像是台湾制的那么贵。
-
她有和她姐姐一样多的洋装。
-
我认识的人不像她那么多。
-
这座桥是那座的两倍长。
-
那座桥是这座桥的二分之一长。
-
进口书的价格是台湾书籍的三倍。
-
台湾书的价格是进口书的三分之一。
-
这个箱子是那个的四分之一大。
-
尽快报警。
-
我告诉他要尽早回家。
-
与其说是犯罪，不如说是个过失。
-
那老人连说声抱歉也没有。
-
他连说声谢谢也没有就离开我。
-
她看起来依旧很快乐。
-
他是有史以来最伟大的艺术家。
-
他像村子里任何人一样努力工作。
-
有多达5万只的鸟在此地过冬。
-
这件毛衣我付了多达200元。
-
广播早在1920便开始。
-
他看电影一个月多达三次。
-
我在六行里找到六个错误。
-
旅行团在五天之内造访了五个城市。
-
这间房子真是买的太棒了，简直就像新的一样。
-
这台车几乎就像一堆垃圾一样。
3.3 比较级
-
狗比猫聪明。
-
她英文说的比我好。
-
这把吉他是两把吉他中较好的。
-
这吉他是他三把中最好的那一把。
-
他家比我家大得多。
-
你在大城市里可以找到比小城市里多更多的游乐场。
-
搭公车去不如搭计程车去贵。
-
比起米饭，泡面较不营养。
-
今年我必须要努力学英文，因为我是个三年级的学生了。
-
你何不用把较锋利的刀子呢？
-
她与其说是生气不如说是难过。
-
与其说是称赞不如说是讨好。
-
天色变得越来越暗了。
-
入学考试变得越来越困难。
-
年纪越大，我们的记忆力就越差。
-
我等得越久就越没有耐性。
-
你有越多的时间就能做越多的工作。
-
因为诚实我们更尊重他。
-
因为身为母亲，她更努力工作。
-
虽说成为父亲但并不代表会更加努力工作。
-
我不喜欢数学，更不用说物理。
-
那老人家甚至无法走路，更不用说跑步。
-
他比我大五岁。
-
我较喜欢做运动较不喜欢看运动比赛。
-
我们的猜测多多少少是正确的。
-
迟早你会找到你失踪的小孩。
-
我不会傻到不穿救生衣就出海航行。
-
你最好别去。
-
我只有100元。
-
我顶多有100元。
-
我有100元之多。
-
我至少有100元。
-
我和你一样没发疯。
-
我不像你那样疯。
-
我和你一样会发疯。
-
我发疯不亚于你。
3.4 最高级
-
二月是所有月份中最短的。
-
他是我们之中开车最小心的。
-
这是我至今看过的最美的景致。
-
毕加索是二十世纪最有名的画家之一。
-
这是本周热门排行榜最受欢迎歌曲第三名。
-
她是这个国家最出类拔萃的歌手。
-
在日本这湖最深。
-
此湖这里最深。
-
在日本这区域的空气是最干净的。
-
当工厂休息时，这区域的空气最干净。
-
当我和朋友在一起时，我觉得很快乐。
-
Bob是我们班上最英俊的男孩。
-
Bob比班上其他男生都帅 => 班上没有其他男孩比Bob更帅。
-
班上没有其他男孩和Bob一样帅。
-
甚至这世上最有钱的人也无法得到她的心。
-
甚至连我班上最有才能的学生也无法回答。
-
到达目的地顶多花3小时。
-
那里的梅花正在盛开。
-
到达目的地最少要3小时。
-
我们的队伍最差也要得到第三名。
-
我希望你能尽你最大的能力。
-
他善用那份微薄的薪水。
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