<三> 表（主键、外键、CHECK、UNIQUE、DEFAULT、INDEX）
<1>、SQL SERVER端语法说明
有如下SQL SERVER语句：
/* ------------------------ 创建employee 表------------------------ */
IF EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM SYSOBJECTS WHERE NAME = ‘employee’
AND TYPE = ‘U’)
DROP TABLE employee
GO
CREATE TABLE employee
(
emp_id empid /*empid为用户自定义数据类型*/
/*创建自命名主键约束*/
CONSTRAINT PK_employee PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED
/*创建自命名CHECK约束*/
CONSTRAINT CK_emp_id CHECK (emp_id LIKE
'[A-Z][A-Z][A-Z][1-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][FM]' or
emp_id LIKE '[A-Z]-[A-Z][1-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][FM]'),
/* CHECK约束说明：Each employee ID consists of three characters that
represent the employee's initials, followed by a five
digit number ranging from 10000 to 99999 and then the
employee's gender (M or F). A (hyphen) - is acceptable
for the middle initial. */
fname varchar(20) NOT NULL,
minit char(1) NULL,
lname varchar(30) NOT NULL,
ss_id varchar(9) UNIQUE, /*创建唯一性约束*/
job_id smallint NOT NULL
DEFAULT 1, /*设定DEFAULT值*/
job_lvl tinyint
DEFAULT 10, /*设定DEFAULT值*/
/* Entry job_lvl for new hires. */
pub_id char(4) NOT NULL
DEFAULT ('9952') /*设定DEFAULT值*/
REFERENCES publishers(pub_id), /*创建系统命名外键约束*/
/* By default, the Parent Company Publisher is the company
to whom each employee reports. */
hire_date datetime NOT NULL
DEFAULT (getdate()), /*设定DEFAULT值*/
/* By default, the current system date will be entered. */
CONSTRAINT FK_employee_job FOREIGN KEY (job_id)
REFERENCES jobs(job_id) /*创建自命名外键约束*/
)
GO
/* --------------------- 创建employee表上的index --------------------- */
IF EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM sysindexes
WHERE name = 'emp_pub_id_ind')
DROP INDEX employee. emp_pub_id_ind
GO
CREATE INDEX emp_pub_id_ind
ON employee(pub_id)
GO
<2>、ORACLE端语法说明
在ORACLE端的语法如下：
/* ---------------------- 创建employee 表---------------------- */
DROP TABLE employee；
CREATE TABLE employee
(
emp_id varchar2(9) /*根据用户自定义数据类型的定义调整为varchar2(9)*/
/*创建自命名主键约束*/
CONSTRAINT PK_employee PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED
/*创建自命名CHECK约束*/
CONSTRAINT CK_emp_id CHECK (emp_id LIKE
'[A-Z][A-Z][A-Z][1-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][FM]' or
emp_id LIKE '[A-Z]-[A-Z][1-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][FM]'),
/* CHECK约束说明：Each employee ID consists of three characters that
represent the employee's initials, followed by a five
digit number ranging from 10000 to 99999 and then the
employee's gender (M or F). A (hyphen) - is acceptable
for the middle initial. */
fname varchar2(20) NOT NULL,
minit varchar2(1) NULL,
lname varchar2(30) NOT NULL,
ss_id varchar2(9) UNIQUE, /*创建唯一性约束*/
job_id number(5,0) NOT NULL
/*这里考虑了SMALLINT的长度，也可调整为number*/
DEFAULT 1, /*设定DEFAULT值*/
job_lvl number(3,0)
/*这里考虑了TINYINT的长度，也可调整为number*/
DEFAULT 10, /*设定DEFAULT值*/
/* Entry job_lvl for new hires. */
pub_id varchar2(4) NOT NULL
DEFAULT ('9952') /*设定DEFAULT值*/
REFERENCES publishers(pub_id), /*创建系统命名外键约束*/
/* By default, the Parent Company Publisher is the company
to whom each employee reports. */
hire_date date NOT NULL
DEFAULT SYSDATE, /*设定DEFAULT值*/
/*这里，SQL SERVER的getdate()调整为ORACLE的SYSDATE*/
/* By default, the current system date will be entered. */
CONSTRAINT FK_employee_job FOREIGN KEY (job_id)
REFERENCES jobs(job_id) /*创建自命名外键约束*/
);
/* -------------------- 创建employee表上的index -------------------- */
DROP INDEX employee. emp_pub_id_ind;
CREATE INDEX emp_pub_id_ind ON employee(pub_id);
<3>、从SQL SERVER向ORACLE的迁移方案
比较这两段SQL代码，可以看出，在创建表及其主键、外键、CHECK、UNIQUE、DEFAULT、INDEX时，SQL SERVER 与ORACLE的语法大致相同,但时迁移时要注意以下情况:
（1） Oracle定义表字段的default属性要紧跟字段类型之后，如下：
Create table MZ_Ghxx
( ghlxh number primay key ,
rq date default sysdate not null,
….
而不能写成
Create table MZ_Ghxx
( ghlxh number primay key ,
rq date not null default sysdate,
….
2）T-SQL定义表结构时，如果涉及到用默认时间和默认修改人员，全部修改如下：
ZHXGRQ DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE NULL，
ZHXGR CHAR（8） DEFAULT ‘FUTIAN’ NULL，
3）如表有identity定段，要先将其记录下来，建完表之后，马上建相应的序列和表触发器，并作为记录。
posted on 2007-11-07 10:30
datasky 阅读(269)
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