DirectUI的优点及其自定义控件的开发
DirectUI是一款占用资源小、绘图性能高、依赖性小的纯Win32 SDK开发的Windows下普遍适用的可视化界面库。与标准控件换肤类界面库不同的是，DirectUI本身具备了标准控件换肤的功能，但其更强调用户自定义界面的开发，提供可扩展的多种布局控件、几十套可扩展的功能强大的界面控件。它可以构建任何一种类型的2D界面框架。DirectUI吸取了游戏绘图引擎的精髓，并在其基础上创造了脏区域局部更新机制，多核CPU多线程渲染，充分提高了界面库的运行效率，与常见的游戏引擎相比，占用极低的CPU时间。目前支持GDI、DirectX、OpenGL等绘图引擎。
其身影无处不在，MSN、QQ、迅雷、360、网游等等应用案例均是。其具有以下优点：
1、高速绘图引擎，具有较好的性能、极小的内存开销，而且无句柄、无“消息”（事件）
2、无第三方的最小依赖，界面与逻辑彻底分离，且逻辑支持javascript/lua
4、主流界面换肤方式,且皮肤方案可以放在压缩包中
5、不同分辨率、窗口大小下的自适布局（控件）的支持
注1：传统win32/mfc并没有好的布局工具及相应的属性，创建控件实例时必须一旦其位置、大小（CreateWindow/CreateWindowEx），而一旦窗口大小，分辨率改变之后，无法自适，得自己处理。
注2：DirecitUI采用XML描述布局，较传统win32/mfc代码方式更为现代化和便利，用“贴图”点缀应用也因此更加容易。
注3：用过.net/java,会感觉到DirectUI有事件的味道，而c++的消息似乎被包起来了。
DirectUI源于微软的MSN应用，因优秀而很快风靡起来，其商业项目非常成熟但不免费，而开源版的也有不补的，需要根据自身需求进行完善和补充。网上搜索了一下如何其为创建自定义控件，但没有找到，好在自己解决了，方法如下：
UICommonControls.cpp(.h)中包含了八个公共控件类：
class UILIB_API CLabelUI class UILIB_API CButtonUI
class UILIB_API COptionUI
class UILIB_API CTextUI
class UILIB_API CProgressUI
class UILIB_API CSliderUI
class UILIB_API CEditUI
class UILIB_API CScrollBarUI
class UILIB_API CCustomerUI
第一步，照着任何一个类创建一个类似的控件类即可，类名不可重复,上面名为CCustomerUI的控件类是我们创建的，直接继承于DirectUI控件的基类CControlUI 。
第二步，打开UIDlgBuilder.cpp，关注下面代码“case 8”中的代码：
CControlUI* CDialogBuilder::_Parse(CMarkupNode* pRoot, CControlUI* pParent, CPaintManagerUI* pManager)
{
CDialogLayoutUI* pDialogLayout = NULL;
IContainerUI* pContainer = NULL;
CControlUI* pReturn = NULL;
for( CMarkupNode node = pRoot->GetChild() ; node.IsValid(); node = node.GetSibling() ) {
LPCTSTR pstrClass = node.GetName();
if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Image")) == 0 || _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Font")) == 0 \
|| _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Default")) == 0 ) continue;
CControlUI* pControl = NULL;
if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Include")) == 0 ) {
if( !node.HasAttributes() ) continue;
int count = 1;
LPTSTR pstr = NULL;
TCHAR szValue[500] = { 0 };
SIZE_T cchLen = lengthof(szValue) - 1;
if ( node.GetAttributeValue(_T("count"), szValue, cchLen) )
count = _tcstol(szValue, &pstr, 10);
cchLen = lengthof(szValue) - 1;
if ( !node.GetAttributeValue(_T("source"), szValue, cchLen) ) continue;
for ( int i = 0; i < count; i++ ) {
CDialogBuilder builder;
if( m_pstrtype != NULL ) { // 使用资源dll，从资源中读取
WORD id = (WORD)_tcstol(szValue, &pstr, 10);
pControl = builder.Create((UINT)id, m_pstrtype, m_pCallback, pManager, pParent);
}
else {
pControl = builder.Create((LPCTSTR)szValue, (UINT)0, m_pCallback, pManager, pParent);
}
}
continue;
}
else {
SIZE_T cchLen = _tcslen(pstrClass);
switch( cchLen ) {
case 4:
if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Edit")) == 0 ) pControl = new CEditUI;
else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("List")) == 0 ) pControl = new CListUI;
else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Text")) == 0 ) pControl = new CTextUI;
break;
case 5:
if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Combo")) == 0 ) pControl = new CComboUI;
else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Label")) == 0 ) pControl = new CLabelUI;
break;
case 6:
if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Button")) == 0 ) pControl = new CButtonUI;
else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Option")) == 0 ) pControl = new COptionUI;
else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Slider")) == 0 ) pControl = new CSliderUI;
break;
case 7:
if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Control")) == 0 ) pControl = new CControlUI;
else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("ActiveX")) == 0 ) pControl = new CActiveXUI;
break;
case 8:
if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Progress")) == 0 ) pControl = new CProgressUI;
else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("RichEdit")) == 0 ) pControl = new CRichEditUI;
else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Customer")) == 0 ) pControl = new CCustomerUI;
break;
case 9:
if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Container")) == 0 ) pControl = new CContainerUI;
else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("TabLayout")) == 0 ) pControl = new CTabLayoutUI;
else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("ScrollBar")) == 0 ) pControl = new CScrollBarUI;
break;
case 10:
if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("ListHeader")) == 0 ) pControl = new CListHeaderUI;
else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("TileLayout")) == 0 ) pControl = new CTileLayoutUI;
break;
case 12:
if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("DialogLayout")) == 0 ) pControl = new CDialogLayoutUI;
break;
case 14:
if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("VerticalLayout")) == 0 ) pControl = new CVerticalLayoutUI;
else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("ListHeaderItem")) == 0 ) pControl = new CListHeaderItemUI;
break;
case 15:
if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("ListTextElement")) == 0 ) pControl = new CListTextElementUI;
break;
case 16:
if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("HorizontalLayout")) == 0 ) pControl = new CHorizontalLayoutUI;
else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("ListLabelElement")) == 0 ) pControl = new CListLabelElementUI;
break;
case 20:
if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("ListContainerElement")) == 0 ) pControl = new CListContainerElementUI;
break;
}
// User-supplied control factory
if( pControl == NULL && m_pCallback != NULL ) {
pControl = m_pCallback->CreateControl(pstrClass);
}
}
ASSERT(pControl);
if( pControl == NULL ) continue;
// Add children
if( node.HasChildren() ) {
_Parse(&node, pControl, pManager);
}
// Attach to parent
// 因为某些属性和父窗口相关，比如selected，必须先Add到父窗口
if( pParent != NULL ) {
if( pContainer == NULL ) pContainer = static_cast<IContainerUI*>(pParent->GetInterface(_T("IContainer")));
ASSERT(pContainer);
if( pContainer == NULL ) return NULL;
if( !pContainer->Add(pControl) ) {
delete pControl;
continue;
}
}
// Init default attributes
if( pManager ) {
pControl->SetManager(pManager, NULL, false);
LPCTSTR pDefaultAttributes = pManager->GetDefaultAttributeList(pstrClass);
if( pDefaultAttributes ) {
pControl->ApplyAttributeList(pDefaultAttributes);
}
}
// Process attributes
if( node.HasAttributes() ) {
TCHAR szValue[500] = { 0 };
SIZE_T cchLen = lengthof(szValue) - 1;
// Set ordinary attributes
int nAttributes = node.GetAttributeCount();
for( int i = 0; i < nAttributes; i++ ) {
pControl->SetAttribute(node.GetAttributeName(i), node.GetAttributeValue(i));
}
// Very custom attributes
if ( node.GetAttributeValue(_T("stretch"), szValue, cchLen) ) {
if( pParent == NULL ) continue;
if( pDialogLayout == NULL ) pDialogLayout = static_cast<CDialogLayoutUI*>(pParent->GetInterface(_T("DialogLayout")));
ASSERT(pDialogLayout);
if( pDialogLayout == NULL ) continue;
UINT uMode = 0;
if( _tcsstr(szValue, _T("move_x")) != NULL ) uMode |= UISTRETCH_MOVE_X;
if( _tcsstr(szValue, _T("move_y")) != NULL ) uMode |= UISTRETCH_MOVE_Y;
if( _tcsstr(szValue, _T("move_xy")) != NULL ) uMode |= UISTRETCH_MOVE_X | UISTRETCH_MOVE_Y;
if( _tcsstr(szValue, _T("size_x")) != NULL ) uMode |= UISTRETCH_SIZE_X;
if( _tcsstr(szValue, _T("size_y")) != NULL ) uMode |= UISTRETCH_SIZE_Y;
if( _tcsstr(szValue, _T("size_xy")) != NULL ) uMode |= UISTRETCH_SIZE_X | UISTRETCH_SIZE_Y;
if( _tcsstr(szValue, _T("group")) != NULL ) uMode |= UISTRETCH_NEWGROUP;
if( _tcsstr(szValue, _T("line")) != NULL ) uMode |= UISTRETCH_NEWLINE;
pDialogLayout->SetStretchMode(pControl, uMode);
}
}
if( pManager ) {
pControl->SetManager(NULL, NULL, false);
}
// Return first item
if( pReturn == NULL ) pReturn = pControl;
}
return pReturn;
}
Customer的长度为8，所以上面case 后面的号是8，关键地方为if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Customer")) == 0 ) pControl = new CCustomerUI;
自定义控件具体的内容，根据实际需求去写即可。此外，据我所知，商业版的DirectUI的自定义控件是可以做成插件的，即与DirectUI SDK分离开，但开源版的暂不知是否可以。
http://uid.cdc.tencent.com/
